Messas Salah EddineZerouali SororEncadreur : HALASSI IsmahanPrésident : BERTELLA AnisExaminateur : YAKHLEF Wahiba2025-10-212025-10-212025579-222-MBhttp://dspace.univ-khenchela.dz:4000/handle/123456789/9705This dissertation presents an in-depth epidemiological study of leishmaniasis in four provinces of eastern Algeria (Khenchela, M’sila, Biskra, and Batna) over a six-year period (2019-2024). It analyzes the spatio-temporal dynamics of the disease, highlighting annual and monthly variations in the number of cases across regions, with distinct trends: a general decline in Khenchela, a marked fluctuation in M’sila, relative stability in Biskra, and a heterogeneous evolution in Batna. The study also highlights a higher prevalence among men, particularly in rural areas, and a higher incidence among young adults (20-44 years old) as well as among children aged 5-9 years in some regions. The distribution of cases also varies among municipalities, revealing well-defined endemic areas and rebound phenomena in most wilayas. These results highlight the importance of targeted approaches to disease surveillance and control, taking into account the specific environmental, demographic and geographical factors of each WilayafrThesis