Caractérisation physicochimique et microbiologique des eaux de la vallée d’El Oueldja- Khenchela- et leur impact sur l’environnement
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Date
2019
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Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela
Abstract
his work has been carried out at the southern side of the Tabouant anticlinal in El Ouldja
valley in the Aures, east of Algeria. The different water tables exploited belong to many
lithological entities (Evaporitic and carbonated). The combination of geology and statistics has
allowed to study the chemistry origin of these waters. This is water of evaporitic and
secondarily carbonates origin. The phenomena causing this class are numerous and are
essentially linked to the aquifers chemical composition.
This research project comes to shed more light on the way the aquifer system works, i.e its
boundary conditions, influence of the lithological parameters and the hydrodynamic and
physicochemical Parameters.
The chemical quality of water is poor resulting from the strong salinity influenced by the
lithology ofthe aquifer and the climatic factors (precipitations and the temperatures). From the
bacteriological point of view, the results obtained show the absence of any pollution indicator
germs such as total and fecal coliforms, fecal Streptococci and Clostridium sulphito-reducers,
with a low total germs rate which remains in Algerian standards.
The results obtained prove the good bacteriological quality of the aforementioned waters. It
does not present any danger for bacteriological human consumption. Thermodynamic analysis
indicated the waters saturation with carbonates, calcite and dolomite, because of the
degassing and the 𝐶𝑂
dissolution of evolutive formations, gypsum and halite. The crossed
binary diagrams suggest that water salination might be attributed to water-rock interaction
through the geochemical process of mineral dissolution, precipitation and ions exchange.
2
The hydrochemical tool of thermal waters indicates the sources TAMARSITE 1 and 2 are
hyperthermal waters, alkaline, superficial, mainly bicarbonate sodium and secondarily calcium
sulphate, mild, moderately ionized probably of karst origin.
The bacteriological analyzes of the source TAMERSITE2 show the high growth rate of total
coliforms, coliforms Fecal and faecal streptococci, so there is a bacteriological pollution, unlike
the source of TAMERSITE 01 or its bacteriological quality.