Green Synthesis of Azomethine Compounds
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Date
2026
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Abstract
This work presents the synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of three
azomethine derivatives also known as Schiff bases, obtained by condensation of two
aromatic amines (4-aminophenol and sulfanilamide) with two carbonyl compounds
(benzaldehyde and acetophenone) under eco-friendly conditions. The reactions were
carried out under reflux in ethanol using acetic acid as a catalyst, in accordance with the
principles of green chemistry.
The three synthesized compounds (SB1-SB3) were characterized by Thin-Layer
Chromatography (TLC), UV–Visible spectroscopy, Fourier-Transform Infrared
spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (¹H NMR) spectroscopy.
The formation of the imine bond (C=N) was confirmed in each case by the disappearance
of the carbonyl C=O stretch and primary amine N–H bands in the FT-IR spectra, and by
the characteristic azomethine proton signal in the ¹H NMR spectra.
For the sulfanilamide-derived compound (SB-3), the reaction proceeded selectively
at the primary aromatic amine group rather than at the less nucleophilic sulfonamide
nitrogen. The results confirm that TLC, UV–Vis, FT-IR, and ¹H NMR together constitute
a reliable and complementary toolkit for structural elucidation of azomethine compounds.
The synthesized Schiff bases represent promising candidates for further investigation of
their biological and coordination chemistry properties.