caracterisation Geochimique Et isotopique Des Eaux souterraines du palteau de mellagoa bouhmama. Khenchela-Algerie
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Date
2018
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Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela
Abstract
The study area is a sedimentary basin filled with Quaternary deposit lying on fissured
carbonate, calcareous and Marlo-calcareous formations; the marly substratum is of important
thickness. The aquifer typology allows the distinction of two water tables, one is superficial
contained in the Quaternary filling, and the other is deep within the fissured carbonate
formations. Water that appears within the fissured carbonate formations has bicarbonatecalcium
facies in the Mio-Plio-Quaternary; water evolves from sulfate-calcium facies into
chloride-sodium water. The thermodynamic analysis has revealed water saturation with
carbonates, calcite and dolomite, because of CO
degassing and dissolution of the evaporitic
formations, gypsum and halite. Water salinity develops progressively and increases in the
flow direction, upstream from the calcareous outcrops, with a conductivity of 589µS/cm, to
reach a peak of 6440µS/cm in the irrigated perimeters. The crossed binary diagrams suggest
that the origin of water salinization would be attributing to water-rock interaction through the
geochemical process of mineral dissolution-precipitation and ion exchange. The chemical
tracing by trace elements and the heavy metals corroborate that the anthropogenic activity
contributes, for its part, to increasing water mineralization.
The isotopic study gives capital information about the origin of this water in this region. It is
meteoric water.