Intitulée : Etude Phytochimique Et Evaluation Des Activités Pharmaco-Biologiques Des Extraits De Tamarix Africana

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Date
2022
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Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela
Abstract
This work aims at the phytochemical characterization of acetone and methanol extracts and fractions (ethyl acetate, n-butanol and aqueous) of Tamarix africana. The quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds of the different extracts is done by spectrophotometric measurement and the identification of the compounds by LC-MS. The evaluation of the biological activities is done in a first step by a bioinformatic approach (in silico study). It consists in predicting the pharmacokinetic properties namely: physicochemical properties, ADMET profile, pharmacological properties, therapeutic targets, cytotoxicity, antiviral power (viral proteins). The pharmacodynamic properties of the extracts are evaluated by molecular docking. The preclinical study of the properties of the molecules by the bioinformatics approach is confirmed by an in vitro study by the evaluation of the biological and pharmacological properties. The antioxidant effect is evaluated by the methods of: DPPH, ABTS+, Galvinoxyl, reducing power, phenanthroline and β -carotene-linoleic acid bleaching tests, permanganate reduction. The inhibition power of enzymes is also studied against: acetylcholinesterase (AChE), buthyrylcholinesterase (BChE), urease, α-amylase and tyrosinase. Sun protection factor, silver nanoparticle reduction assay and finally in vitro cytotoxicity were also determined. The LC-MS analysis identified and quantified the following phenolic compounds: Quercetin3-glucoside, diosmin, apigenin, rutin, Apigenin-7-O-Glucoside, Wogonin, Quercetin, Neohesperidin are the major phenolic compounds distributed in most fractions of different parts of Tamarix africana. The assays showed a significant content of polyphenols and flavonoids in the plant. While, the plant is richer in hydrolyzable tannins. The in silico study revealed that the tested compounds could be good candidates due to their significant cytotoxic effects against several tumor cell lines. In addition, the molecular docking results show that these compounds could also be effective in the treatment of certain diseases related to diabetes, skin pathologies, cardiovascular diseases and the central nervous system. The results of the in vitro study indicated that the extracts and fractions of Tamarix africana show significant antioxidant activity and a potent inhibitory effect against AChE and BChE as well as the enzymes urease, tyrosinase and α-amylase. In addition, these same extracts and fractions have significant antioxidant properties in the reduction of silver nanoparticles. The cytotoxic power of the extracts and fractions towards Artemia salina larvae were significant. Based on these results, it is reasonable to assume that Tamarix africana can be considered as a potential candidate for the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries. Bioactive compounds from plants remain the best alternative for drug discovery and development.
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