Investigation des propriétés antimicrobiennes de l'huile essentielle d'une plante médicinale de la pharmacopée traditionnelle Origanum majorana L.
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Date
2024
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Publisher
Abbes LaghrourUniversity,Khenchela
Abstract
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the antimicrobial effect of the essential oil of an
aromatic and medicinal plant from the Algerian flora, Origanum majorana L., on 4 reference
bacterial strains, 18 strains of hospital origin, and 2 fungi.
Extraction of the essential oil from the aerial part of dry marjoram by hydrodistillation gave a
very low yield of 0.10%. As for antibacterial efficacy using the disk diffusion method, all the
reference strains tested showed sensitivity to the EO, with extreme inhibitory activity on
Staphylococcus aureus, reflected by an inhibition zone diameter of 26 mm.
The essential oil showed varied antibacterial properties on the 18 Gram-negative clinical strains
tested, 37% of which were multi-drug resistant, with high inhibitory activity on Escherichia
coli and Proteus spp. However, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and
Enterobacter spp. showed high sensitivity to the aromatogram. Using the liquid dilution
method and the solid dilution method, MICs ranged from 16 to 50 mg/ml and from 20 to 100
mg/ml, respectively. The results of the BMC determination showed that the essential oil studied
has bactericidal action against 99% of the strains tested. Qualitative analysis of antifungal
activity revealed that the essential oil had significant antifungal activity against the fungi
Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans.
In conclusion, the essential oil derived from Origanum majorana L. possesses exceptional
bactericidal and antifungal activity. As such, it can be a natural resource and an excellent
alternative to antibiotics for combating bacterial and fungal infections.