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Item Elimination des nitrates par procédé biologique des eaux de la région de Khenchela(Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela, 2012) Kheddouma, AsmaThe purpose of this work is to study the phenomenon of biological denitrification by using mixed culture taken from activated sludge of sewage treatment plant of KHENCHELA and pure culture isolated from the same activated sludge. Our experiences were made in serial batch reactors incubated anaerobically in a candle jar at 30 ° C with several types of carbon sources. The first experiments with mixed cultures show different growth kinetics and denitrification. These kinetic depend directly to the nature, biodegradability and concentration of carbon source. The use of glucose allows bacteria to grow well with high denitrification yield. However, our experiments with pure cultures allows us to isolate six species identified as Pseudomonas luteola, Aeromonas hydrophilae, Enterobacter cloacae, Moraxella spp, Sphingomonas paucimobilis and Burkholderia cepacia,. They show the existence of bacterial species able to reduce nitrates with reduction rate rather important at different carbon sources.Item Etude microbiologique au niveau d'une station d'Epuration "Step Timgad"(Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela, 2010) Abdessemed, ZinebWater is self-purified by activated sludge process which makes its uniqueness. The main goal of this thesis is the microbiological and physico-chemical study of the input and output water of the wastewater treatment system plant Timgad. 89.47% of the identified biocenosis belongs to ɤ- Proteobacteria while the remaining 10.52% is equally divided between α- Proteobacteria and β- Proteobacteria. The antibiotics susceptibility profiles reveal that over 30% are wild strains while the penicillinases are often present (11.30-20%) with also other profils. The excess of oxygyen injected prevents last denitrification step but the physico-chemical quality of treated water is good for all tested parameter. L’eau est une substance unique parce qu’elle s’auto-épure par le processus de boues activées. L’objectif principal de ce mémoire est l’étude microbiologique et physico-chimique des eaux en amont et en aval dans la station d’épuration de Timgad. Il s’est avéré que 89.47% de la biocénose microbienne identifiée appartient aux ɤ- Proteobacteria, alors que α- Proteobacteria et β- Proteobacteria sont à égalité avec 5.26%. Les profils d’antibiogrammes dévoilent que les souches sauvages ont eu des pourcentages supérieurs à 30%, les bactéries pénicillinases sont souvent présente [11,30-20%] ainsi que d’autres profils. L’excès de l’oxygène injecté empêche la dernière étape de dénitrification, mais la qualité physico-chimique des eaux traitées a était bonne pour touts les paramètres analysés.Item Etude biogéochimique et isotopique de quelques sources du versant Nord du massif des Aurès (w de Khenchela)(Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela, 2012) Osmani, SoumiaThe current study aims to investigate the effects of olive mill wastewater (OMWW) and olive mill pomace (OMP) and their combination on the growth, reproduction, survival of the two earthworm species Aporrectodea trapezoides, and Eisenia fetida. Furthermore, their effects on the soil physicochemical characteristics such as (pH, Electrical conductivity (EC), Organic matter (OM), Organic carbon (OC), Total nitrogen (TN), Assimilable phosphorus (P), Phenolic compounds (PP), in addition, FTIR spectroscopy is used to determine the soil polyphenols. Moreover, the current study aims to determine the accumulation of heavy metals from OMWW and OMP in the soil and the bioaccumulation in the two different earthworm species using five increasing doses of OMWW and OMP ranging as follows: 12.5%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% w/w. Findings revealed that olive mill wastes have significant effects on the earthworm endpoints (survival, growth, and reproduction), and showed growth enhancement at lower concentrations of OMP, while mortality of earthworms and reproduction inhibition are found at high doses of OMP and the combination, Eisenia fetida were found more sensitive to exposing to olive mill wastes than Aporrectodea trapezoides. As well as OMWW and OMP have also significant effects on soil physicochemical properties, decrease in soil pH, increase in soil EC, soil OM content, as well as soil OC content. FTIR analysis was showed raise in soil polyphenols content under treatment with OMWW and OMP, meanwhile, soil TN and soil P were not shown a significant change under the treatments applied especially under lower doses. Besides, OMWW and OMP were found contain significant amounts of heavy metals, as a consequence causing a remarkable accumulation of metals in the soil such as (Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cu), Copper (Cr), Zinc (Zn), and Iron (Fe), which cause crucial environmental hazards. In addition to the soil accumulation of metals, olive mill wastes were found to cause serious bioaccumulation of heavy metals in earthworm tissue. Results revealed that Aporrectodea trapezoides has the ability to accumulate heavy metals in their tissue more than Eisenia fetida.Item Fonctionnement geochimique et hydrochimique de la vallee d'Oued Meskiana(Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela, 2013) Mezhoud, AmelMeskiana plain, located in the North-east part of Algeria, this plain has hydrous resources are relatively limited consist of underground water of the Mio-Plio-Quaternary aquifer. In recent years a high level of water demand was felt due to remarquable increase water for agriculture use. On one hand, this has induced a shortage of water and a deterioration of its quality on the other. The goal of this research is etude influence of the lithological parameters and the climatic factors, on to physicochemical parameters of water. Meskiana alluvial aquifer is mainly composed of sandy, sandstone and conglomeratic materials with some passages of relatively thin clay layers. It is limited to the north east by diapiric formations, the most important part of its recharge comes from the carbonate formations of the borders. Meskiana plain characterized by simple tectonated structure the general direction of folding is South-west North-east, as to the climatic predominant in the area is semi-arid The chemical quality of water is poor resulting from the strong salinity influenced by the lithology of the aquifer and the climatic factors (precipitations and the temperatures). Pollutants originating from agricultural activities and urban wastes are also present. The results obtained from this study agree perfectly with the questions raised in the proposal.Item Etude microbiologique des effluents hospitaliers de la wilaya de Khenchela(Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela, 2012) Chorfi, keltoumDissemination of resistant bacterial strains in the natural environment can have a significant impact on public health and environmental circles. In Algeria, hospitals release large amounts of water loaded with chemicals often toxic and sometimes radioactive, and microorganisms including some multi-resistant. Management and treatment of these liquid wastes sometimes enable their spread in the environment The aim of this work is to make a status report on the contamination level in antibiotic-resistant fecal bacteria and pathogens in sewage of the hospital 120 beds Khenchela and assess potential risks to their release. For this we used the standard methods for culture and identification of the flora of hospital wastewater, the determination of resistance patterns to some common antibiotics required the realization of antibiograms by the diffusion method in agar by swabbing. Our results show consistently the presence of fecal bacteria that have acquired antibiotic resistance traits and timely manner typical hospital strains. The wastewater treatment plant studied appears to reduce the overall burden of fecal bacteria without altering the profile of antibiotic resistance, it is only equipped with an activated sludge secondary treatment, tertiary treatment is non-functional Moreover, the issue of these antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the aquatic environment, the discharge of waste water, or soil, by the spreading of sewage sludge, could be a significant source of microbial pollution. Keywords: hospital efflueItem Identification et caractérisation des communautés microbiennes des sources hydrothermales de l'Est Algerien(Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela, 2012) Yakhlef, WahibaConsiderable interest is given to the thermophilic microorganisms associated with terrestrial hot springs. Sixteen microbial strains were isolated and purified from thermal water samples collected from hot springs in eastern Algeria. The samples in question are considered after measuring the temperature, as extreme ecosystems. Thermus medium (0.8% polypeptones, 0.4% yeast extract) was in favor of the isolation of aerobic thermophiles. It turned out that 50% of all isolates are thermophilc and 12.5% are hyperthermophilic. 18.75% of the isolates are able to grow in a pH range from 5 to 9. Four thermophilic strains were able to reduce nitrates; five are amylolytic, at least nine strains possess a proteolytic enzyme and four strains (28.57%) were active against at least one of the tests used bacteria (S. aureus ATCC 25923, S. aureus ATCC43300, P. aeruginosa ATCC25922 and E. coli ATCC27853). The study of their morphological, physiological and biochemical characters suggests that these strains belong to the genera Geobacillus, Pseudoxanthomonas, Aeromonas, Exiguobacterium, Thermus, Thermoproteus and Fervidobacterium. Our results extend our knowledge on the microbial communities indigenous to the hot springs and their interest in biotechnology.Item Contribution à l'étude d'un agent microbien auto-épurateur de l'eau isolée d'un écosystème aquatique continental de la région de khenchela(Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela, 2011) Merradi, ManelL’eau comme tout autre élément dans la nature est un bon serviteur de l’homme mais celui-ci n’est pas un bon maître par ses extensions urbaines et ses déchets biologiques, il provoque une pollution microbienne de cette source précieuse de vie. Le volume d’eau potable et pure devient de plus en plus insuffisant et ne couvre pas les besoins vitaux. En effet, l’eau est dotée d’un pouvoir auto-épurateur naturel qui maintient l’équilibre écologique. Cette capacité d’autoépuration de l’eau est l’œuvre des microorganismes. L’évaluation de la qualité physicochimique et bactériologique était l’objectif de notre étude réalisée sur les eaux usées de la station d’épuration de la wilaya de Khenchela ainsi la contribution à isoler un agent microbien autoépurateur (Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus) de ces eaux. Le dénombrement des germes indicateurs de contamination microbienne exprime leur présence avec un grand pourcentage et indique une contamination fécale d’origine humaine. L’isolement de bactéries présentes dans ces eaux nous a permis de trouver des bactéries à Gram négatif comme Escherichia coli, Aeromonas hydrophila, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pantoea spp et Pseudomonas aeruginosa ainsi que des bactéries à Gram positif comme Staphylococcus epidermidis. Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus n’a pas été isolée de ces eaux et donc on n’a pas pu étudier son pouvoir lytique envers Escherichia coli isolée.Item Elimination des phosphates par procédé biologique des eaux usées de la région de Khenchela(Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela, 2012) Benammar, LeylaThis study comes within the framework of a PNR project for the development of new sensors applied to the control and analysis of chemical pollutants in water, allowed to evaluate the removal of phosphate from wastewater by a mixed culture isolated from activated sludge of sewage wastewater from the City of Khenchela. The isolation and identification of dominant strains responsible for phosphate removal are performed in parallel. We are also interested in studying and comparing the ability of different isolates strains to remove phosphate. Evaluation of phosphate removal is achieved by the determination of phosphate by colorimetric method with ascorbic acid. The isolation of dominant strains is performed on a minimal medium agar. Identification of bacterial strains was performed using the system API20 NE-bioMérieux. This work shows the ability of the microbiota of activated sludge to remove phosphate, with rates proportional to the initial concentration of carbon source. It was found that a concentration of 5000 mg.L -1 of sodium acetate gave a better yield of phosphate removal reaches 99.23%, with an average speed of accumulation of 0.19 mg.L .The concentration of phosphate obtained after treatment is 0.13 mg.L -1 , reflecting a satisfactory treatment sight that the phosphate concentration is known as polluting beyond 1 mg.L The study of the influence of various sources of carbon on the biological phosphorus removal by mixed culture shows that the volatile fatty-acids with short chains such as acetate and lactate are the substrates most favorable to the process. The research of the dominant micro-organisms implied in this process allowed the isolation of eight bacterial species identified as being Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Moraxella lacunata, Acinetobacter junii, Alcaligenes denitrificans, Sphingobacterium spiritivorum Aeromonas hydrophila, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, and Sphingomonas paucimobilis. It emerges that the best rate of phosphate removal by pure culture is observed with Acinetobater junii with a rate of 76.72%, followed by Alcaligenes denitrificans with 70.42% and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with a rate of about 61.78 %, followed finally by Moraxella lacunata with 50.6%.Item Etude in vitro de l'effet antibactérien des associations d'antibiotiques(Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela , 2012) Hamames, Mokhtarn order to evaluate the phenomena of bacterial resistance to antibiotics in aquatic ecosystems, particularly in surface waters, it was interested to study Sebkhet Ouled M’barek of the City of Khenchela, a water plan exposed to microbial pollution of fecal origin. In our study, we have begun by estimating the microbiological quality of water using different research methods and enumeration of test germs of fecal contamination. The results showed a significant microbial pollution of our study area. Seven bacterial species were identified: Escherichia coli, Aeromonas hydrophila, Methylobacterium mesophilicum, Shewanella putrefaciens, Comamonas testosteroni, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Enterococcus faecium. The study of antibiotic resistance showed, for E.coli, acquired resistance to Ampicillin and Ticarcillin (by a low- level penicillinase) and to Chloramphenicol (by chloramphenicol acetyltransferase). A. Hydrophila and the three other non- fermenting bacilli have a wild-type resistance. S. epidermidis has acquired resistance to penicillin (by penicillinase plasmid), Oxacillin and Erytromycin (by efflux mechanism). E. faecium have a wild-type resistance. The study of the association of antibiotics on A. Hydrophila showed greater synergy between colistin and cefotaxim. The technique of the chessboard allowed us to reveal, to these two antibiotics, the lowest concentration giving a better effect on the growth of this species. They amount respectively 166.5 and 6.25 µg / ml.Item Identification microscopique d'algues thermophiles(Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela , 2013) Boutarfa, SoumiaTerrestrial hot springs ecosystems present drastic conditions that are deemed to be difficult for all forms of life. Such ecosystems are many in eastern Algeria. Their exploration allows the exploitation of the frontiers of life while giving another dimension to the biodiversity of the microbial world. Hot spring Hammam Es salihin located in Khenchela (eastern Algeria) present a high temperature ranging from 70 to 72 ° C, which places it among the extreme ecosystems. It is characterized by a neutral pH (7.20). The photosynthetic microorganisms such as algae (including cyanobacteria) are a significant part of biodiversity. The thermal stations of the Algerian East including the thermal source of Hammam Es salihin situated in Khenchela was not the object of any study concerning the biodiversity and the inventory of the microscopic algae and cyanobacteria. The aim of this work is to determine firstly the biodiversity of algae and cyanobacteria that restraint; and improve knowledge on algae and cyanobacteria of its extreme ecosystems and secondly, to open the door on the exploitation of the wealth of these virgin areas and the evaluation and management of the microbiological quality of water of these hot springs. The task was to make a descriptive study based on morphological characters followed by a systematic inventory of species encountered. The descriptive study identified 32 species and develops identification keys to the genus level and the species level. The Cyanophyta represent 47% of taxa and include Cinque families including 9 genera and 15 species, 17 microalgae species, distributed in 15 genera and 9 families. Microscopic algae are composed of Chlorophyta and Charophytes and diatoms. Our results extend our knowledge of the indigenous communities of algae and cyanobacteria of these hydrothermal springs, as well as their interest in biotechnology, and the microbiologic quality of the waters of these thermal sources.Item Etude comparative des microorganismes thermophiles et hyperthermophiles de différentes stations thermales(Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela , 2014) Boudjar, SoumiaSince their discovery, thermophilic and hyperthermophilic microorganisms represent an attractive biological phenomenon that increases the interest of scientists and researchers, this interests mainly due to two main amazing properties of these microorganisms; the first one is, their ability to optimally grow at very high temperatures, regardless of varying environmental conditions such as pH, pressure..., (These temperatures are between 50°C to113°C or more).The second property is their ability to provide an important source of unconventional biomolecules from single biochemical and molecular mechanisms. To achieve the benefits of thermophilic and hyperthermophilic microorganisms from different hot hydrothermal biotopes, as an easiest way and most lucrative for the time and effort we have used an effective tool for biologic science which is bioinformatics. Our objective according to this principle is to create a database which is named "Micro-Org-Thermophiles" by using a computer based programming language called Delphi®. In this project, our results are illustrated in set of criteria related to thermophilic and hyperthermophilic microorganisms stored and organized in easy legible way to use by an enduser in a local database.Item Impact des rejets de la station d'épuration d'ElManchar sur la qualité des eaux souterraines (wilaya de Khenchela , Nord Est Algerien)(Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela , 2012) Nedjar, Yamama*This work aims to assess the degree of contamination of groundwater in the area drained by the treated wastewater from the sewage treatment plant with activated sludge of the city of Khenchela in physicochemical elements and the indicator elements of pollution. In a first step, we performed a physicochemical analysis of samples monthly water discharge of the sewage treatment plant. The second step is intended for the analysis the groundwater of 17 water points distributed over the study area, two of which are selected like witness for reason of his distance of the zone drained by the discharges. In light of the results obtained, the treated wastewater, with the exception of biochemical demand for oxygen BOD5 and total suspended matter levels and the salinity which present important contents, are suitable for reuse in irrigation. The diagnostic quality of treated effluent shows that the original domestic and the contamination by metallic elements is not a significant threat, continuation the accumulation of the latter in sludge. The results of analyses of groundwaters clearly show a considerable accumulation of chlorides, sulphates, calcium, ammonium and out of manganese whereas zinc, copper and iron record values which do not exceed the drinking water standards. A deterioration of the quality of water was very remarkable meadows of the sewage treatment plant and downstream in the direction of flow of the tablecloth what shows the infiltration of water of rejection towards the tablecloth. The analysis of the principal components enabled us to make a distinction between two water classes, first is characterized by a low salinity and free from undesirable elements, whereas the second is strongly mineralized and polluted. That is due to the contributions of treated waste waters.Item Synthèse hydrochimique des eaux du bassin semi-aride de F'kirina(Abbes Laghrour university -khenchela, 2012) Ouanes, MeyadaL’étude est réalisée dans la région de F'kirina qui est alimentée essentiellement par les eaux souterraines exploitées par plusieurs forages. L’étude hydro chimique, nous a permis de mettre en évidence les paramètres physico-chimiques ayant une influence directe sur la qualité des eaux ; ces paramètres sont liés aux systèmes aquifères existant ou à l’influence de la géologie. La minéralisation des eaux de la région est importante, les faibles valeurs se localisent près des massifs calcaires et les fortes valeurs nous les y trouvons en aval près du Garaet Et Tarf. Nous avons fait des prélèvements d'échantillons sur 77 puits, sur les quelles une étude biochimique a été réalisé au niveau d'ANRH où des modifications des teneurs de prélèvement ont été trouvées du moment que les concentrations de certains éléments chimiques dépassent les normes admissibles. L’évolution des éléments chimiques en fonction du temps fait ressortir que les eaux de la plaine seront classées en trois familles : famille chlorurée calcique; famille bicarbonatée calcique et famille sulfatée calcique. La mise en place de ces faciès est dus à la présence d’un remplissage formés par des dépôts calcaires (graviers et croûtes calcaires) et des dépôts salifères venant de l’érosion des formations carbonatées et gypsifères des massifs entourant la plaine ; sans oublier le facteur de lessivage du milieu qui est l’un des processus concentrateurs susceptibles de varier les faciès hydro chimique, selon les solubilités des sels mis en cause.Item Etude de la pollution de l'eau de la partie avale de la vallée de Meskiana (wilaya d'Oum El-Bouaghi)(Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela, 2012) Zidi, AnissaThe present survey appears in the context of a multidisciplinary research on the aquatic ecosystems. The aquatic ecosystem of oued Meskiana (wilaya of Oum El Boughi) covers a large area with a permanent flow regime. In order To determine the microbiological and physic-chemical water quality of to the downstream part of oued Meskiana that’s exposed to wastewater discharges from the city of Meskiana, analyses were realized during three different periods at three sampling points. The results showed feacal contamination of this water lotic ecosystem that is represented by the high concentration of faecal coliforms, faecal streptococci and Salmonella. A high Concentration of chemical elements polluting such as phosphates and forms of nitrate were also detected. This pollution affects the environment and constitues a major threat to the health of biological habitats.Item Origine de la salinite et modelisation thermodynamique des eaux souterraines de l'aquifere de Khenchela(Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela, 2012) Boumaiza, ImeneLe climat de la région est de type semi aride avec une composante d'altitude influencée par les courants d'air froid et humide en provenance des massifs des Aurès, avec un maximum de précipitation en hiver et printemps, une saison sèche en été et effet de barrage des reliefs favorisant les précipitations sur le versant sud Les précipitation sont généralement insuffisantes, irrégulières et présente deux grandes saisons bien distinctes, l'une sèche et chaude s'étant du mois du juin jusqu'au mois de Septembre et l'autre relativement humide s'étale du mois d'Octobre jusqu'au mois de Mai; généralement la pluviométrie est inégalement réparties dans l’espace et dans le temps, dont l’effet de saisonnalité n’est pas respecté. Les températures moyennes mensuelles varient entre 6°C et 26°C avec une moyenne annuelle de 16°C, le mois le plus chaud étant le mois de juillet avec des températures atteignent en moyennes les 26°C ainsi le mois le plus froid est le mois de Janvier avec 6°C L’évaporation est minimale pendant le mois de Janvier alors que la maximale intervient pendant les mois d'été du Juin jusqu'à Septembre Le déficit agricole est de 441mm, donc le bilan hydrique de la zone d’étude est déficitaire qui tient cause au déficit hydrique aggravé du climat semi aride et la vulnérabilité de la région en périodes de sècheresses prolongées.Item Evaluation microbiologique et physicochimique de l’eau du barrage de Timgad (wilaya de Batna). Président : Darbouche Abdelhak (Prof.) Université de Khenchela Encadreur: Houhamdi Moussa. (Prof.) Université de Guelma(Abbes Laghrour university -khenchela, 2012) Smail, HiziaIn order To determine the microbiological and physic-chemical of water quality of Timgad Dam used for irrigation perimeters and the production of drinking water for the city of Banta, analyzes were made during the year 2011 and that have made mainly on the quantification of indicator bacterial contamination fecal and the search for pathogens and the determination of the concentration ofcertain physic-chemical elements in these waters. The results of chemical analysis, have shown that the variation in element concentration is closely related to several factors (rainfall, geological substrate, human activities), but these levels are still low to cause organic pollution. except that the nitrite concentration exceeds the standard set by World Health Organization (WHO) during the month of July. While the results of microbiological analysis we expose a slight fecal contamination of waters identified by the presence of fecal bacteria, as well as the presence of other bacteria responsible for infections transmitted by water, mainly caused by discharges from wastewater which are for infections probably a threat to the people and the environment.Item Traçage chimique de quelques sources d'eau du Nord-Est des Aurès (W.Khenchela)(2013) Bougandoura, Abderraouf*Item Evaluation et caractérisation de quelques gisments hydrothermaux du Nord des Aurès(Abbas Laghrour University-khenchela, 2013) Belmekki, Mohamed ElkamelThis work is a contribution to the study of circuits in depths of waters and conditions which reign, ending in the creation of the thermal springs of the north of Aures (wilaya of Khenchela), this work has for objective the evaluation and the characterization of some hydrothermal fields feeding thermal spas of the most renowned in the region, of which the source of Hammam Essalhine (the second warmest source in Algeria). Within the framework of this study, it is thus advisable to study the component of hydrochemistry to characterize better the acquisition of the chemical composition and the variability of the physico-chemical parameters, understand the underground journey of thermal waters, their mineralization and chemical facies, their most interesting is to estimate by means of geothermometers the temperature of waters of the hydrothermal fields and the depth at which warmed. This study is an approach to try to estimate qualitatively a renewable energy, which can be exploited in several domains besides that the tourism.