Browse
Recent Submissions
Item Ressources en eau et leurs utilisations dans le bassin versant de l’Oued Kébir Ouest (Nord Est algérien)(BADJI MOKHTAR-ANNABA UNIVERSITY, 2017-09-24) DAIFALLAH TarekRESUME Le bassin versant de l‘Oued Kébir Ouest (Fig.01), est situé dans le Constantinois centre au Nord-est algérien. D‘une superficie de 1850 km2 (d‘après l‘Agence Nationale des Ressources Hydrauliques ANRH) est répartie en deux sous-bassins, l‘Oued Kébir Hammam en amont et Oued Kébir Magroune en aval. Il bénéficie d‘un climat méditerranéen avec des potentialités en eau annuelles de l‘ordre de 411 Hm3. Le principal réservoir d‘eau superficielle est le barrage de Zit Emba d‘un volume régularisé de 43,5 Hm3. Les principaux réservoirs souterrains se présentent dans le système aquifère de la vallée de l‘oued Kébir-ouest et le système de la plaine d‘Azzaba. Actuellement, la situation hydrique dans le bassin est confortable, avec un volume annuel disponible par habitant de plus de 2000 l, mais cette situation rassurante à l‘heure actuelle subira des changements globaux dans l‘avenir, ce qui nous pousse à poser la question est ce que cette situation durera à moyen et à long terme ? La confrontation Offre/Demande en eau future sous différents scénarios à l‘aide du modèle WEAP a révélé des futurs stress hydriques qui vont toucher probablement la zone dans le futur. Leurs apparitions dans le temps dépendent des hypothèses proposées. Abstract The Kébir-west basin (Fig.01) is located in Constantois center in northeastern Algeria. Covering an area of 1850 km2 (according to the National Agency for Hydraulic Resources ANRH) is divided into two sub-basins, Kébir Hammam in upstream zone and Kébir Magroune in downstream zone. It benefits from a Mediterranean climate with annual water potentialities of the order of 411 Hm3. The main reservoir of surface water is the Zit Emba dam with a regulated volume of 43,5 Hm3. The main deep reservoirs are present in the aquifer system of the valley of the Wadi Kébir West and the system of the plain of Azzaba. Currently, the water situation in the basin is comfortable; with an annual water volume available per capita more than 2000 liter, but this reassuring situation at the present time will undergo global changes in the future, which prompts us to ask the question will this situation last in the medium and long term? The confrontation of supply / demand of future water under different scenarios using the WEAP model revealed future water stresses that are likely to affect the area in the future. Their appearances over time depend on the hypotheses proposed.Item Ecologie des oiseaux de Sebkhet Djendli (Batna, Est Algérie)(Université Mohamed KHIDHER –Biskra–, 2014) BENSIZERARA DjamelRésumé L’étude de l’écologie de l’avifaune aquatique de la Sebkhet de Djendli (Batna, Est Algérie) effectuée sur deux cycles annuels, soit du septembre 2010 à avril 2012, a montré que la sebkhet est fréquentée par 28 espèces d’oiseaux d’eau. Nous observons les hivernants réguliers (les Phœnicoptéridés, les Anatidés...), les estivants de passage qui forment des concentrations importantes tels les Echassiers (Bubulcus ibis, Ciconia ciconia) et les sédentaires, notés pendant toute l’année. Les résultats sont les suivants: Sebkhet Djendli est fréquentée par treize (13) espèces d’Anatidés parmi les seize(16) recensées en Algérie. Le modèle d’hivernage de vingt-huit (28) espèces ayant fréquenté Sebkhet Djendli a été plus ou moins décrit. Dix (17) espèces (Phoenicoptèrus roseus, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas angustirostris, Anas crecca, Anas acuta, Anas clypeata, Anas penelope, Tadorna tadorna, Tadorna ferruginea, Aythya nyroca, Grus grus, Himantopus himantopus, Recurvirostra avossetta, Charadrius alexandrinus, Calidris minuta, Tringa erythropus, Tringa ochropus) sont des oiseaux réguliers durant les deux (02) saisons d’hivernage. Les modalités d’occupation de l’espace et les modalités de distribution des oiseaux d’eau est souvent gérée par l’assèchement rapide du plan d’eau. Il est à noter que de nombreuses espèces vulnérables Tadorna ferruginea, Marmaronetta angustirostris, Aythya nyroca fréquentent régulièrement ce plan d’eau. Le suivi des rythmes d’activités diurnes de deux (02) espèces d’Anatidés (Tadorna ferruginea, Tadorna ferruginea) et une espèce des Phœnicoptéridés (Phoenicoptèrus roseus) a montré que la Sebkhet de Djendli est utilisée par les deux familles comme un lieu de remise diurne Abstract The study of the ecology of the birds of Sebkhet Djendli (Batna, Estern Algéria) made on two annual cycles, that is from September, 2010 till April, 2012, has shown that the Sebkhet is frequented by 28 species of water birds, some of which are known for their regular wintering (flamingos, Ducks), or by their summer concentrations (Bubulcus ibis, Ciconia ciconia ), others, on the contrary are present throughout the year. Is balance by the results: Sebkhet Djendli is frequented by thirteen (13) species of Anatidae among the sixteenth (16) already recensed in Algeria. This study permit probably to identify the wintering pattern of twenty-eight (28) species of water birds. Sixteen (17) species ((Phoenicoptèrus roseus, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas angustirostris, Anas crecca, Anas acuta, Anas clypeata, Anas penelope, Tadorna tadorna, Tadorna ferruginea, Aythya nyroca, Grus grus, Himantopus himantopus, Recurvirostra avossetta, Charadrius alexandrinus, Calidris minuta, Tringa erythropus, Tringa ochropus) are witnessed in the Sebkhet Djendli during almost all the period of our work . The dryness and the water level of Sebkhet Djendli played an important part in the occupation of space by the water birds. The Sebkhet is freconted by the protect and vulnerable species like Tadorna ferruginea, Anas angustirostris, Aythya nyroca. The follow-up of the diurnal behaviour of tow (02) species of Ducks (Tadorna tadorna, Tadorna ferruginea) and one species of flamingos prove that Sebkhet Djendli is used as a pasturage area ملخص دراسة بيئة الطيور في سبخة جندلي ( باتنة، شرق الجزائر ( التي تم انجازها على مدار سنتين أي من سبتمبر 2010 إلى افريل 2012 أظهرت أن هذه الأخيرة مقصودة من طرف 28 نوع من الطيور المائية منها ما عرفت بانتظام هجرتها الشتوية (مثل البطيات والنحاميات) وأخرى معروفة بتصييفها ذات أهمية بالغة مثل البلشون واللقلق ((Bubulcus) ibis, Ciconia ciconia وأخرى قارة على مدار السنة النتائج جاءت كمايلي: سبخة جندلي مقصودة من طرف 13 نوع من البطيات من أصل 16 المصنفة بالجزائر. طريقة التشتيت لـ 28 نوع من الطيور المترددة على سبخة جندلي تم وصفها نوعا ما. 17 نوع : Phoenicopterus roseus, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas angustirostris, Anas crecca, Anas acuta, Anas clypeata, Anas) penelope, Tadorna tadorna, Tadorna ferruginea, Aythya nyroca, Grus grus, Himantopus himantopus, Recurvirostra (avossetta, Charadrius alexandrinus, Calidris minuta, Tringa erythropus, Tringa ochropus أظهرت تردد منتظم خلال موسمي التشتيت. طريقة توزع الطيور المائية وشغلها للوسط يتحكم فيها في الغالب الجفاف السريع للمسطح المائي. العديد من الأنواع المحمية على غرار.Marmaronetta angustirostris ,Aythya nyroca و Tadorna ferruginea تتردد بانتظام على المسطح المائي. متابعة النشاط اليومي لنوعين من البطيات وكذلك نوع من النحاميات خلال موسمي الدراسة, أظهرت أن سبخة جندلي مستعملة من طرف هذه الطيور كموقع للتغذية .Item DISTRIBUTION ET FLUX DU SILISIUM DANS LE BASSIN VERSANT DE SEYBOUSE (Nord-Est Algérien)(Université Abbes Laghrour -Khenchela-, 2017) Allague Nor-el-houdaAbstract Silicon is the most abundant element in the earth's crust after oxygen, and is found in aquatic environments in the form of orthosilicic acid. For the first time, this study concerned the distribution and flow of silicon at strategic sites (Foum elkhanga dam, Bouhamdane dam and estuary) of the Seybouse basin during the period between September 2016 (Dry season) and April 2017 ( Wet season). It is a question of following the evolution of this element from the upstream of the catchment to the mouth in order to understand these biogeochemical transformations under the effect of the dams and the estuary. Seybouse watershed waters are considered to be characterized by medium high silicon concentrations, particularly upstream of dams, but their contents are reduced downstream of dams and particularly at the mouth. The highest grades are observed upstream of the dams and weakened by going downstream from the dams, the estuary and the mouth. Dissolved silicon is reduced between 47 μM (32%) and 72 μM (54%) for the elkhanga and Bouhamdane foum dam, respectively, while the estuary retention rate is on average 34 μM (44%). It is noted that the silicates have been subjected to a high retention in the dams and also in the estuary to ultimately reach minimum values of the order of 42 μ M at the mouth. The Foum elkhanga and Bouhamdane dam produces an average of 2 t / yr (7%) and 17 (68%) respectively, while the estuary produces 54 t / yr ( 11%); The dams and the estuary can be considered to function as true Si producers in the coastal zone. From a biogeochemical point of view, they should play a crucial role in changes in the biogeochemical cycles of nutrients. These hydrological and biogeochemical conditions are expected to have severe impacts on the river system and the functioning and production of the receiving coastal renewable resources.Item HPAEC-PAD, biochemical characterization, and evaluation of the antioxidants activities of polysaccharides extracted from Olive Mill Wastewater of two endemic varieties of Khenchela region, Algeria(journal homepage, 2023) Kenza Kadi; Dalila AddadOlive Mill Wastewater (OMWW) is considered to be one of the by-products of the extraction of olive oil that causes serious problems to the environment. This study describes a qualitative and quantitative analysis of biochemical characterizations and assessment of polysaccharides antioxidant activities from cold extraction of two endemic varieties from Khenchela region, eastern Algeria. As a result, the physicochemical characteristics of these OMWWs (Chemlal and Ferkani) were found to be acidic (pH: 4.77–5.1) and saline (1.35–1.40 mg/l). According to Chemlal and Ferkani, the dry matter (DM), total suspended solids (TSS) and mineral matter (MM) are respectively (159.3 ± 14.03 g/L, 4.13 ± 0.04 g/L, 10 ± 0.5 g/L and (117.4 ± 12.03 g/L, 1.06 ± 0.1 g/L, 9.7 ± 1 g/L). In addition, the COD and DBO5 requirements are (9625.6 ± 13.42 mg/l; 45 ± 08 mg/l for Chemlal) and (10490.6 ± 23.84 mg/l; 440 ± 3 mg/l for Ferkani) respectively. Due to their high content of organic matter and mineral salts, the OMWW studied have very little potential for biodegradation. Three extracts were prepared for each cultivar: insoluble alcohol fraction (AIR), soluble water fraction (SF) and insoluble water fraction (IF). The biochemical characterisation was carried out by colorimetric assays using an appropriate spectrophotometer for the determination of total sugars (OT), reducing sugars (OR), neutral sugars, protein, nitrogen and phenolic compounds. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the polysaccharides was carried out using high- performance anion-exchange chromatography coupled with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD). The results obtained showed heterogeneous composition of nine monosaccharides for each fraction at different levels. The total dry matter (%DM) of the Chemlal fractions (AIRC, SFC, IFC) are respectively (14.44%, 16.93%, 15.68%) and those of the Ferkani fractions (AIRF, SFF, IFF) are respectively (10%, 15.05%, 10.52%). The antioxidant activities of two soluble fractions (SFC and SFF) were evaluated using five assays: DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, phenthroline and hydrogen peroxide, when the best antioxidant activity is provided by hydrogen peroxide.Item ELABORATION ET CARACTERISATION DE BIOCAPTEURS ET DE BOIPUCES A ADN ELECTROCHIMIQUES SELECTIFS POUR LA DETECTION DU CADMIUM DANS LES EAUX DE SURFACE(Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela , 2021) Rabai, SelmaOur work was adressed to the development of two electrochemical aptasensors for the Cadmium ions detection in real water samples. In the first place, the first aptasensor was developed based on a Gold electrode chemically modified by the electrochemical reduction of the Diazonium salt (CMA) and carboxylic acid, on which an amino-modified aptamer-Cadmium was immobilized by the Carbodiimide reaction. This biosensor showed a linear range of 10 -3 to 10 -9 M of Cadmium with a limit of detection (LOD) of 2.75*10 . High selectivity was obtained during interference measurements in the presence of Hg and Zn 2+ . This platform allows also a promising application on samples of spring water in Khenchela (Algeria). Then, another aptasensor was put in place through the modification of a Glassy Carbon electrode with nanotubes of Carbon-Chitosan (CNTs-CS), then with Gold nanoparticles electro-deposited (AuNPs) on the CNTs-CS, and then immobilization of aptamer-Cadmium via glutaraldehyde. Among the conditions for optimization, an immobilization time of 2 hours, a pH of 4.5, a temperature of 25 °C and an aptamer concentration of 0.75 µM. This biosensor demonstrates high sensitivity of 1.2 KΩ.M -1 , a large linear range 10 -13 –10 -4 M and a detection limit of 0.02 pM with good selectivity towards Cadmium.Item Study the effect of by-products from olive oil extraction on the earthworm activity(Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela, 2022) Mekersi, NawalThe current study aims to investigate the effects of olive mill wastewater (OMWW) and olive mill pomace (OMP) and their combination on the growth, reproduction, survival of the two earthworm species Aporrectodea trapezoides, and Eisenia fetida. Furthermore, their effects on the soil physicochemical characteristics such as (pH, Electrical conductivity (EC), Organic matter (OM), Organic carbon (OC), Total nitrogen (TN), Assimilable phosphorus (P), Phenolic compounds (PP), in addition, FTIR spectroscopy is used to determine the soil polyphenols. Moreover, the current study aims to determine the accumulation of heavy metals from OMWW and OMP in the soil and the bioaccumulation in the two different earthworm species using five increasing doses of OMWW and OMP ranging as follows: 12.5%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% w/w. Findings revealed that olive mill wastes have significant effects on the earthworm endpoints (survival, growth, and reproduction), and showed growth enhancement at lower concentrations of OMP, while mortality of earthworms and reproduction inhibition are found at high doses of OMP and the combination, Eisenia fetida were found more sensitive to exposing to olive mill wastes than Aporrectodea trapezoides. As well as OMWW and OMP have also significant effects on soil physicochemical properties, decrease in soil pH, increase in soil EC, soil OM content, as well as soil OC content. FTIR analysis was showed raise in soil polyphenols content under treatment with OMWW and OMP, meanwhile, soil TN and soil P were not shown a significant change under the treatments applied especially under lower doses. Besides, OMWW and OMP were found contain significant amounts of heavy metals, as a consequence causing a remarkable accumulation of metals in the soil such as (Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cu), Copper (Cr), Zinc (Zn), and Iron (Fe), which cause crucial environmental hazards. In addition to the soil accumulation of metals, olive mill wastes were found to cause serious bioaccumulation of heavy metals in earthworm tissue. Results revealed that Aporrectodea trapezoides has the ability to accumulate heavy metals in their tissue more than Eisenia fetida.Item Effect of storage time on the quality of olive oil mill wastewaters obtained from the cold extraction of olive oil in the region of Khenchela and their biological properties(Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela, 2022) Gueboudji, ZakiaThe objective of this work is to evaluate the effect of storage time on the quality of olive oil mill wastewater (OMW) obtained from the cold extraction of olive oil in the region of Khenchela, Eastern Algeria, and their biological properties. The physicochemical quality of OMW from two types of separated and mixed showed that the OMW storing could help decrease the pollution produced by this waste over time. During one year of storage, the reduction rate of chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand, total oxidizable matter, and biodegradability index is correspondingly (29.4%), (54.8%), (39.16%), and (54.2%); however, C/N, BOD 5 /COD, and pH continue to decrease. The highest phenolic concentration (961.11 ± 65.95 µg GAE/mL) was recorded in OMW of Abani variety after 12 months of storage. The highest concentration of flavonoids (27.96 ± 3.71 µg QE/mL) was recorded in OMW of Zlitni, just after olive oil extraction. The highest concentration of total tannin (90.47 ± 21.24 µg CAE/mL) was recorded in Zlitni after 1 month of storage. For condensed tannin, the highest concentration (8.66 ± 3.22 µg TAE/mL) was recorded in Abani after 6 months of storage. Qualitative analysis by LC-MS revealed the presence of 28 constituents, of which kampherol was the major constituent and rosmarinic acid was detected for the first time in OMW. The analysis of the antioxidant activity showed a very highly significant difference for DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and H 2 O 2 . The best results were obtained in OMW of Abani after 12 months of storage for the four tests; DPPH (IC 50 = 151.12 ± 0.22 µg/mL), ABTS (IC 50 = 129.32 ± 26.09 µg/mL), FRAP (IC 50 = 72.42 ± 8.59 µg/mL) and H 2 O 2 (IC 50 = 75.52 ± 0.85 µg/mL). The anti-inflammatory activity of the phenolic compounds showed a very highly significant difference between the two tests, IPD and MSP. The best value obtained for the IPD test (IC 50 = 25.47 ± 1.50 µg/mL) was recorded after 1 month of storage of OMW from the Abani variety. The best value obtained for the MSP test (IC 50 = 16.11 ± 0.10 µg/mL) was recorded in OMW from Abani after 12 months of storage. For the anticoagulant activity, the finding showed, for the time effect, a very highly significant difference, as regards APTT and PT. The best values obtained for APTT (80.07 ± 0.15 s) and PT (37.13 ± 0.31 s) were recorded in Zlitni OMW just after olive oil extraction. It concluded that the storage time affects the physicochemical and biological properties of OMW. In addition, OMWs are a source of molecules with biological activity, and their extraction can constitute one of the strategies for recovering this waste.Item Implication du polymorphisme génétique des enzymes de détoxication dans le carcinome hépatocellulaires(Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela, 2022) Chorfi, LamiaLe carcinome hépatocellulaire (CHC) est le plus fréquent des cancers primitifs du foie. Son étiologie multifactorielle implique plusieurs facteurs tels que le facteur viral par le virus de l’hépatite C (VHC), les facteurs génétiques et environnementaux. La susceptibilité individuelle à ce cancer semble être associée au polymorphisme génétique des gènes codant pour les enzymes de détoxication qui présentent alors des différences dans le métabolisme des carcinogènes. Les glutathion S-transférases (GST) et la N-acétyltransférase (NAT) sont les principales enzymes de la phase II de détoxication responsables de la biotransformation des composés cancérigènes incriminés dans la genèse de plusieurs cancers dont le CHC. L’objectif de notre travail est d’étudier une éventuelle association entre le polymorphisme génétique de ces gènes de détoxication et le carcinome hépatocellulaire chez une population composée de patients et de témoins originaires de l’Est algérien et d’évaluer l’impact du tabac. Matériels et méthodes:Notre étude a été menée sur 132 patients et 141 témoins. L’ADN génomique a été extrait. La présence de la délétion homozygote des gènes GSTM1 et GSTT1 est déterminée par PCR multiplex. L’étude du polymorphisme allélique du gène NAT2 utilise l’approche PCR-RFLP. La comparaison des fréquences entre les deux groupes est établie par un test χ2 et le calcul des odds ratio (OR) avec un intervalle de confiance à 95%. Résultats:Nos résultats montrent que le génotype GSTM1 nul et acétyleur lent du gène NAT2 sont associés à une augmentation du risque de CHC (OR =1.88, IC 95% 1.16–3.05; OR= 2.30, IC 95% 1.26– 4.18, respectivement). Cette association est plus importante chez les fumeurs (OR=2.00, IC 95% 1.05–3.8 et OR=2.55, IC 95% 1.22–5.34, respectivement). Aucune association significative n'a été observée pour le génotype GSTT1 nul et le CHC. Conclusion:Notre étude montre qu’un déficit enzymatique total par une délétion homozygote du gène GSTM1 ou un déficit partiel de NAT2 par acétylation lente conduit à un défaut de détoxication des substances carcinogènes favorisant l’apparition du carcinome hépatocellulaire en particuliers chez les fumeurs.Item Intitulée : Etude Phytochimique Et Evaluation Des Activités Pharmaco-Biologiques Des Extraits De Tamarix Africana(Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela, 2022) Trad khodja Esma AnissaThis work aims at the phytochemical characterization of acetone and methanol extracts and fractions (ethyl acetate, n-butanol and aqueous) of Tamarix africana. The quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds of the different extracts is done by spectrophotometric measurement and the identification of the compounds by LC-MS. The evaluation of the biological activities is done in a first step by a bioinformatic approach (in silico study). It consists in predicting the pharmacokinetic properties namely: physicochemical properties, ADMET profile, pharmacological properties, therapeutic targets, cytotoxicity, antiviral power (viral proteins). The pharmacodynamic properties of the extracts are evaluated by molecular docking. The preclinical study of the properties of the molecules by the bioinformatics approach is confirmed by an in vitro study by the evaluation of the biological and pharmacological properties. The antioxidant effect is evaluated by the methods of: DPPH, ABTS+, Galvinoxyl, reducing power, phenanthroline and β -carotene-linoleic acid bleaching tests, permanganate reduction. The inhibition power of enzymes is also studied against: acetylcholinesterase (AChE), buthyrylcholinesterase (BChE), urease, α-amylase and tyrosinase. Sun protection factor, silver nanoparticle reduction assay and finally in vitro cytotoxicity were also determined. The LC-MS analysis identified and quantified the following phenolic compounds: Quercetin3-glucoside, diosmin, apigenin, rutin, Apigenin-7-O-Glucoside, Wogonin, Quercetin, Neohesperidin are the major phenolic compounds distributed in most fractions of different parts of Tamarix africana. The assays showed a significant content of polyphenols and flavonoids in the plant. While, the plant is richer in hydrolyzable tannins. The in silico study revealed that the tested compounds could be good candidates due to their significant cytotoxic effects against several tumor cell lines. In addition, the molecular docking results show that these compounds could also be effective in the treatment of certain diseases related to diabetes, skin pathologies, cardiovascular diseases and the central nervous system. The results of the in vitro study indicated that the extracts and fractions of Tamarix africana show significant antioxidant activity and a potent inhibitory effect against AChE and BChE as well as the enzymes urease, tyrosinase and α-amylase. In addition, these same extracts and fractions have significant antioxidant properties in the reduction of silver nanoparticles. The cytotoxic power of the extracts and fractions towards Artemia salina larvae were significant. Based on these results, it is reasonable to assume that Tamarix africana can be considered as a potential candidate for the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries. Bioactive compounds from plants remain the best alternative for drug discovery and development.Item Contribution à l'étude hydrogéochimique et isotopique des eaux de la nappe du complexe terminal - zone sud Khenchela - Algerie(Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela, 2018) Sedrati, AbdenourCette étude est une contribution à la caractérisation des aquifères de la plaine d’El- Meita-Khenchela par le traçage chimique et isotopique. Nous sommes en présence de deux importants aquifères, les calcaires du crétacé au nord et les sables de l’Albien au sud. Ces aquifères sont soumis aux conditions climatiques sévères. L’aridité du climat, l’effet d’altitude, la géomorphologie du relief, Atlas saharien au Nord avec ses altitudes surélevées marqué par le sommet de Ras Keltoum (2326 m) sur le massif de Chélia et son relief imposant, le bas Sahara et ses vastes plaines d’extension illimitées et d’altitude très vaste notamment, à Chott Melghigh (-35 m), la géologie et la géométrie de l’aquifère, le contraste climatique entre le Nord et le sud et l’activité anthropique, sont autant de facteurs qui sont à l’origine de la minéralisation des eaux. Les outils chimique et isotopique nous ont permis dans une large mesures, l’identification des systèmes aquifères et de l’existence d’éventuelles relation souterraines, de discriminer et de hiérarchiser les processus et les mécanismes responsable de l’acquisition de la minéralisation des eaux souterraines, et enfin, l’identification de la source de l’alimentation des aquifères existants. Une carte de vulnérabilité à la pollution des eaux, a été dressée par la méthode de GOD, dans la région d’El-Meita, afin de tester les sols sensibles à une infiltration de surface. La réponse de l’aquifère de l’Albien nous interpelle pour dresser des périmètres de protection de la nappe.Item caracterisation et fonctionnement geochimique des eaux de sebkha el mahmel. Khenchela - Algerie(Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela , 2022) Mounia, OuldjaouiThe objective of this study is to respond to the salinization of water by identifying the processes of mineralization and discriminating against the mechanisms involved. With an area of 343.55 Km2, the basin of Essbikhat-El-Mahmel extends from North-West to the South-East of the Eastern piedmont of the Aurès massif (North-East Algeria), it is occupied in its eastern part by a Sebkha (the sebkha of El-Mahmel), which is a natural outlet for surface and groundwater. In this region, groundwater is the first material and is under great pressure, it is the only resource available to satisfy the needs of the population in terms of drinking water than for irrigation and the various activities of which water is the raw material. It is a depression filled with a Mio-Plio-Quaternary, consisting of clay, sand, and gravel, which surmounts Maastrichtian limestones and the whole, is deposited on Cenomanian marls. Potential aquifers are superficially based on alluvium and a deep aquifer consisting of cracked limestones from upper Maastrichtian. The climate is semi-arid with long and recurrent periods of drought, combined with strong evaporation marked by a water deficit. The hydrochemical study showed that the salinity of the water gradually evolves in the direction of water flow to reach conductivity values of 4560 μS/cm. The chemical facies of the water is defined by calcium bicarbonate in limestone outcrops passing to calcium sulfated water by the dissolution of gypsum and finally calcium chloride at the borders of the Sabkha. The geochemical signature of groundwater is controlled by dissolution processes and mineral precipitation due to water-checkmark interaction, cationic exchanges, anthropogenic activity, irrigation water return, and climate aridity. The results of the Drinking Water Quality Index (IWQ) showed that 67.57% of the samples are of good quality the rest varies between poor and very poor quality. The assessment of the chemical quality of groundwater for irrigation by calculating the Irrigation Water Quality Index (IWQI) reveals that this groundwater is classified as "low restriction" to "very high restriction".Item L'Apport de l'hydrochimie et des isotopes de la molecule d'eau dans l'etude de l'impact des eaux de barrage sur la qualite des eaux souterraines dans les bassins endoreiques(Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela , 2017) Belkoum, NoureddineLes eaux souterraines du bassin de Chemora présentent d’importantes variations chimiques induites par l’aridité du climat, la dissolution minérale et l’activité anthropique. L’aquifère Crétacé et les affleurements calcaires montrent des eaux bicarbonatées calciques à bicarbonatées magnésiennes, les eaux du remplissage Plio-quaternaire sont de type sulfatées calciques à chlorurées calciques en aval du bassin. Ces faciès chimiques sont déterminés par l’interaction eau-roches, la dissolution et les précipitations minérales, à travers les échanges cationiques tout au long de l’écoulement de l’eau vers son exutoire. L’infiltration des eaux d’irrigation chargées en sels et fertilisants dans les périmètres irrigués est un processus secondaire de minéralisation des eaux du bassin de Chemora. L’utilisation de l’outil isotopique a identifié que l’origine de la recharge de la nappe du Crétacé sont les eaux de pluie d’origine méditerranéenne dans de hautes altitudes ; l’effet d’altitude a conféré aux eaux un cachet appauvri en oxygène 18 et en deutérium. Les eaux de la nappe Plio-quaternaire sont d’origine météorique océanique et se sont infiltrées rapidement sans avoir subi de phénomène évaporatoire. L’alimentation de l’aquifère libre est assurée aussi par des apports latéraux et souterrains de l’aquifère Crétacé. La géochimie isotopique n’a pas confirmé de relation hydraulique entre les eaux du barrage et la nappe superficielle de Chemora.Item Délimitation de biseau salé dans le bassin versant de Gareat el Tarf(Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela , 2021) Ouldammar, HananeThe watershed of Garaet El Tarf on which our study is based overlaps between two cities; Oum el Bouaghi and Khenchela (NE Algerian). This area is characterized by semi-arid climate and very heterogeneous sedimentary formations. The underground water is composed of a superposition of two groundwater; the mio-plioquaternary surface layer and the deep Cretaceous layer. The coupling between geological, hydrogeological and hydrogeochemical tools in the study of groundwater in the Garaat-el-Tarf plain, allowed us to determine the origin of the phenomenon of salinization and mineralization of the said locality. The results from these analyzes were processed using hydrochemical techniques (piper diagram) and using multivariate statistical analysis including Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Upstream of the basin and near the limestone outcrops, the waters are calcium bicarbonated, in the mio-plio-quaternary filling, the facies is calcium sulphate, to finally become sodium chloride on the borders of the sebkha. The water-rock interaction is the factor responsible for the mineralization of water. The chemical tracing by strontium suggests that the dissolution of evaporites and the sebkha-groundwater exchange contribute to the salinity of the waters of the Garaat-el-Tarf plain.Item Caractérisation physicochimique et microbiologique des eaux de la vallée d’El Oueldja- Khenchela- et leur impact sur l’environnement(Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela , 2019) Guilal, Soumiahis work has been carried out at the southern side of the Tabouant anticlinal in El Ouldja valley in the Aures, east of Algeria. The different water tables exploited belong to many lithological entities (Evaporitic and carbonated). The combination of geology and statistics has allowed to study the chemistry origin of these waters. This is water of evaporitic and secondarily carbonates origin. The phenomena causing this class are numerous and are essentially linked to the aquifers chemical composition. This research project comes to shed more light on the way the aquifer system works, i.e its boundary conditions, influence of the lithological parameters and the hydrodynamic and physicochemical Parameters. The chemical quality of water is poor resulting from the strong salinity influenced by the lithology ofthe aquifer and the climatic factors (precipitations and the temperatures). From the bacteriological point of view, the results obtained show the absence of any pollution indicator germs such as total and fecal coliforms, fecal Streptococci and Clostridium sulphito-reducers, with a low total germs rate which remains in Algerian standards. The results obtained prove the good bacteriological quality of the aforementioned waters. It does not present any danger for bacteriological human consumption. Thermodynamic analysis indicated the waters saturation with carbonates, calcite and dolomite, because of the degassing and the 𝐶𝑂 dissolution of evolutive formations, gypsum and halite. The crossed binary diagrams suggest that water salination might be attributed to water-rock interaction through the geochemical process of mineral dissolution, precipitation and ions exchange. 2 The hydrochemical tool of thermal waters indicates the sources TAMARSITE 1 and 2 are hyperthermal waters, alkaline, superficial, mainly bicarbonate sodium and secondarily calcium sulphate, mild, moderately ionized probably of karst origin. The bacteriological analyzes of the source TAMERSITE2 show the high growth rate of total coliforms, coliforms Fecal and faecal streptococci, so there is a bacteriological pollution, unlike the source of TAMERSITE 01 or its bacteriological quality.Item Vulnérabilité et risque de pollution des eaux souterraines de la plaine de F'kirina nord est Algérie(Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela , 2018) Djoudi, SalimaGroundwater is one of the main sources of drinking water for the population and irrigates crops in the F'kirina region (south-east of Oum el Bouaghi) which cover an area of 650 km2, This study has led to progress in the state of hydrogeological knowledge of the aquifer, assess their condition assignment by pollution and more generally to assess the degree of vulnerability of groundwater to urban pollution. After an exhaustive study of the physical part of the study area reflecting the hydrogeological context of the aquifer system studied. The hadrochemical study of the waters of the aquifer was based on the interpretation of the results of analyzes carried out on 45 water samples taken at different water points during a sampling campaign carried out in May 2015. which defines three facies, Ca-HCO 3 water types in carbonate outcrops as Ca-SO 4 and Cl-Ca type in the PlioQuaternary filling in the direction of the Sabkha. The statistical study of the various parameters analyzed, their spatial distribution and the main facies provided information on the origin and evolution of mineralization. A final part was devoted to establishing a mapping of the vulnerability of groundwater to pollution through the implementation of the GOD and DRASTIC method which shows that the water table of the F'kirina region has a low to moderate vulnerability. The coupling between the geological, physicochemical and statistical tools in the study of the groundwater quality of the F'kirina plain, allowed us to determine the origin of the mineralization and its mode of acquisition as well as its distribution in space.Item Caractérisation physico-chimiques des eaux du massif de CHelia-Aurés-Khenchela(Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela , 2020) Sekkiou Salah EddineWater quality in the Taghrist region, located in northeastern Algeria, on the northern slopes of the Aurès massif, has suffered a serious deterioration in recent years due to uncontrolled discharge of urban wastewater, the intensive use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture and overexploitation. This study aims at analyzing the functioning of the Mio-Plio-Quaternary aquifer, determining its current characteristics and understanding the mineralization processes involved in its chemical quality. Physico-chemical analyses were carried out on 34 water samples from the Mio-PlioQuaternary surface aquifer. The dominant chemical facies is of the bicarbonate calcium type. The electrical conductivity of the water has an average value of 974.75µS.cm-1. It should be noted that borehole P4 has an electrical conductivity of 3948 µS.cm-1. The descriptive analysis shows that the salinity of the water is highly variable from one place to another and increases in the direction of water flow, influenced by water-rock interaction, mineral dissolution and precipitation, base exchange and anthropic activity. A vulnerability map to water pollution has been drawn up by the GOD method, The map shows three zones of different degrees of vulnerability, A low vulnerability (29%) occupies the center of the area at the bottom of the Dj mountains. Chelia and Dj. Dalaa and a high to very high vulnerability extends from the northeast to the southwest of the plain and represents 71% of the region.Item caracterisation Geochimique Et isotopique Des Eaux souterraines du palteau de mellagoa bouhmama. Khenchela-Algerie(Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela , 2018) Sara, HassadThe study area is a sedimentary basin filled with Quaternary deposit lying on fissured carbonate, calcareous and Marlo-calcareous formations; the marly substratum is of important thickness. The aquifer typology allows the distinction of two water tables, one is superficial contained in the Quaternary filling, and the other is deep within the fissured carbonate formations. Water that appears within the fissured carbonate formations has bicarbonatecalcium facies in the Mio-Plio-Quaternary; water evolves from sulfate-calcium facies into chloride-sodium water. The thermodynamic analysis has revealed water saturation with carbonates, calcite and dolomite, because of CO degassing and dissolution of the evaporitic formations, gypsum and halite. Water salinity develops progressively and increases in the flow direction, upstream from the calcareous outcrops, with a conductivity of 589µS/cm, to reach a peak of 6440µS/cm in the irrigated perimeters. The crossed binary diagrams suggest that the origin of water salinization would be attributing to water-rock interaction through the geochemical process of mineral dissolution-precipitation and ion exchange. The chemical tracing by trace elements and the heavy metals corroborate that the anthropogenic activity contributes, for its part, to increasing water mineralization. The isotopic study gives capital information about the origin of this water in this region. It is meteoric water.Item caractérisation physico-chimique Géothermique et microbiologique des sources thermales des hauts plateaux de l'est Algérien(Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela , 2020) Benmoussa AmelThe Hammam Sokhna thermal springs is located about twenty km south - east of El Eulma in South Sétifien. It is a large relatively flat depression on the northern limit of a salt Lake (Chott El Baida). A series of chemical and isotopic analyses (O -18 and H -2 ) of aquifers performed in the Hammam Sokhna area, a large sedimentary basin located in southern Setif, filled with Mio-Plio-Quaternary deposits, which rest on Jurassic and Cretaceous limestones, show that the superficial water table made up of thermal waters regroups waters with the most impoverished isotopic signatures. The recharge is ensured by meteoric water with an altitude effect. The recharge of groundwater moving in carbonate, karstified formations is ensured by meteoric water that underwent a slight evaporitic loss. The application of the various diagrams has shown that the chemical facies of the Hammam Sokhna area water is of the sodium chloride type. The binary diagrams show that the water mineralization is controlled by mineral dissolutionprecipitation processes and by cation exchange. Bacteriological analysis indicates that this water has a good overall quality.Item Traçage chimique et isotopique des eaux de sources pour la connaissance des aquiferes du massif de l'aures Khenchela -Algerie(Abbes Laghrour University- Khenchela , 2017) Cherifa, BerkaniL’origine de la salinité des eaux des aquifères Crétacé et Plio-quaternaire de la région des Aurès, constitue un enjeu pour l’exploitation et la mobilisation des ressources en eau souterraines. Où les populations ne disposent que d’un accès ponctuel à la qualité des eaux souterraines, via des prélèvements effectués dans des puits, forages et au niveau des sources. L’évaporation et le caractère endoréique du bassin, l’accroissement démographique et l’extension des superficies irriguées sont les contraintes naturelles et anthropiques qui peuvent conduire à la salinisation des masses d’eau. Une approche pluridisciplinaire intégrant la géologie, l’hydrochimie et une analyse statistique multivariable a été entreprise pour caractériser et contrôler les sources et les mécanismes de minéralisation des eaux. Des traceurs environnementaux, notamment certains éléments traces (Br ) sont utilisés pour mieux différencier l’origine des saumures. Les principaux phénomènes géochimiques naturels intervenant dans l’acquisition de la charge saline sont liés à l'interaction eau‑roche (dissolution des minéraux évaporitiques), à l'échange cationique et à l’évaporation, l’activité anthropique est une autre source de salinisation des eaux induite par l’homme. la géochimie isotopique a permis d'apporter des informations capitales concernant l’origine des eaux du massif nord des Aurès. Ce sont des eaux d’origine météorique.