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A comparative study on chemical profile and biological activities of aerial parts (stems, flowers, leaves, pods and seeds) of Astragalus gombiformis
(journal homopage, 2020) Kenza Kadi; Asma Kheddouma
The pre sent work aims to char ac ter ize the chem i cal pro file of phe no lic com pounds and some bi o log i cal ac tiv i - ties of As tra galus gomb i formis . The bu tano lic frac tions of five aer ial or gans (stems, flow ers, leaves, pods and seeds) were quan ti fied and iden ti fied by LC – MS analy sis. The re sults were re vealed the pres ence of 13 phe no - lic com pounds (quinic acid, p - coumaric acid, trans frulic acid, Hy per o side (quercetin - 3 - o - galactoside, Quercetrin (quercetin - 3 - o - rhamonoside), Ape genin - 7 - o - glucoside, kam pherol, Narin genin, Ape genin, Lu te olin, Cir sil iol, Cir si li neol and Acacetin. In terms of bi o log i cal ac tiv i ties, the an tiox i dant,α - amylase in hibitory and an ti cholinesterase were de ter mined. The bu tano lic ex tract from flow ers showed the high est an tiox i dant ac tiv - ity in DPPH and ABTS (IC50: 16, 43 ± 0, 46 and 16, 13 ± 0, 35 μg/ mL) very closer with stan dards tested and week ac tiv ity with Galvi noxyl rad i cal (GOR) (IC50: 583, 95 ± 2, 20 μg/ mL), while other or gan's ex tract ex - hib ited mod er ate an tiox i dant ac tiv ity. The leaves ex tract was found to ex hibit the high est in hibitory ef fect against BChE (IC50: 165,54 ± 3,49 μg/ mL) com pared by the other parts which give a weak in hibitory ef fect at 200 μg/ mL. A sig nif i cant al pha - amylase in hibitory ac tiv ity was dis played by seeds, leaves, pods and stems ex tracts (IC50:76.41 ± 3.72; 74.61 ± 3.68; 88.13 ± 1.81 and 83.81 ± 1.74 μg/ mL) more the stan dard used. Based on these re sults, it is right to con clude that A. gomb i formis is im por tant source of the nat ural anti - diabetic, an tiox i dants and anti - Alzheimer′s dis ease.
Acute Toxicity Study of Abies numidica Extracts in Broiler Chickens
(Indian Journal of Novel Drug Delivery, 2021-12-24) OUMAIMA NAILI
The aim of this study was to assess in vivo acute toxicity of hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts of Algerian fir needles (Abies numidica) in broiler chickens. Total 18 one-day-old broiler chicks were obtained from hatchery. At three weeks of age chickens were weighed and separated into 3 groups. The control group received only distilled water, while treatment groups were orally administered 2000 mg.kg-1b.wt. of hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts of Abies numidica. No mortality or significant changes were observed in body weight, feed intake and feed conversion. Also, Blood parameters and relative organ weights were normal. Microscopic observations of liver and kidneys tissues of treatment and control group were similar. In conclusion, acute toxicity test indicated that extracts were not toxic when administered by the oral route to broiler chickens at 2000 mg.kg1b.wt.
Ameliorating Role of Ulva Lactuca Extract on Neurobehavioral and Neurochemical Abnormalities Caused by Lithium in Rats
(Journal of Bioresource Management, 2021-12-31) Samira Bouhalit
Lithium is a relevant mood-stabilizing agent that is used in the management of depressive and manic episodes in bipolar, disorder; however, its application may cause diverse side effects including oxidative stress. This work investigated the neuroprotective and anti-stress activity of Ulva lactuca extract (MEUL) against lithium induced neuronal toxicity in rats. Lithium (2 g/kg) was administered in diets with or without MEUL (250 mg/kg BW by gavage) for 90 days. Lithium induced oxidative stress lead to an elevation in lipid peroxidation and oxidation protein product levels, a reduced superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase activities, glutathione, and ascorbic acid concentrations in brain. The level of brush border enzymes (Ca2+ATPase, Mg2+ATPase) and acetylcholinesterase activity was reduced after lithium treatment. Histopathological observations confirmed these results. Open field and elevated plus maze behavioral tests showed an impaired recognition memory. Treatment with MEUL alleviated neurobehavioral alterations, attenuated oxidative stress markers and restored these biological parameters to normal standards, as well as a histological improvement. Ulva lactuca extract offers neuroprotection, against lithium-induced behavioral and oxidative brain damages.
Ameliorative Effect of Curcuma on Reproductive Functions of Male Adult Rats following Chromium Exposure Effet d’amélioration du curcuma sur les fonctions reproductrices des rats mâles adultes après exposition au chrome
(Lavoisier SAS, 2022) Saidi Malika
Abstract This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of curcuma against hexavalent chromium-induced alterations in reproduction indices of male Wistar rats. Twenty adult maleWistar rats were divided into four groups. The first group (0-0): control. The second group (0-Cur) received a diet with 2% curcuma powder. The third group (Cr-0) received 15 mg/kg B.W. of potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) per os, while the last group (Cr-Cur) received a diet containing 2% curcuma powder and 15 mg/kg B.W. of K2Cr2O7 per os. After 30 days of treatment, testicular weight, sperm concentration, sperm kinematic parameters, and testicular glutathione (GSH) level were evaluated. Our results suggest that hexavalent chromium causes a decrease in sperm concentration, total progression, total motility, fast motility, medium motility, slow motility, static sperm, linearity (LIN), straightness (STR), amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH), beat cross frequency (BCF), sperm velocity, and testicular GSH level, accompanied with an increase in testicular weight and wobble (WOB) level when compared to control group. However, supplementation with curcuma of chromium-intoxicated rats has reduced the toxic effect of K2Cr2O7 by bringing back the reproductive parameters and GSH levels to normal values. From this finding, it can be implicated that diet supplemented with curcuma powder may show protective effects against chromium toxicities.
Amylolytic and antibacterial activity of filamentous fungi isolated from the rhizosphere of different plants grown in the Tamanghasset region
(Heliyon, 2023-03-09) Anis BERTELLA
In the present study, we were interested in studying the amylolytic and antibacterial activity of some filamentous fungi isolated from the rhizosphere of cultivated plants in Tamanghasset region. Consequently, 11 pure strains belonging to the different fungal genera were isolated Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Curvularia, Fusarium, Mucor and Penicillium. Positive result of amylolytic activity was revealed on all the isolated strains, with important hydrolysis zones of 54.33 ± 1.15 mm, 54.00 ± 3.61 mm, 52.00 ± 6.08 mm and 51.33 ± 15.01 mm for Aspergillus sp.1, Curvularia sp., Fusarium sp.2 and Mucor sp. respectively. In addition, analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the means of hydrolysis zones diameters shows that the values linked by the same letter do not show any significant difference at P < 0.05. Antibacterial activity of the isolated fungal was demonstrated by the agar cylinder technique against four pathogenic bacterial strains. The results showed a variability of the inhibition zones, thus the most important results were recorded against S. aureus, E. coli and K. pneumonia for all fungi which produced inhibition zones ranging from 15.33 ± 0.00 to 23.66 ± 1.71 mm. while all isolate had the lowest inhibition zone against P. aeruginosa. In conclusion, the obtained results indicated the isolated filamentous fungi have the potential to inhibit the four pathogenic bacterial strains, S. aureus, E. coli, K. pneumonia and P. aeruginosa, while simultaneously showed significant amylolytic activity.
ANALYSEMULTIVARIÉE DES TRAITS ASSOCIÉS À LA VIGUEUR DES SEMENCES DE BLÉ DUR SOUS CONDITIONS SALINES
(Lebanese Science Journal, 2018) Azzedine Fercha
ABSTRACT Azzedine Fercha, Ayache Laabassi, Tarek Aissani, Chouki Sahraoui, Mahmoud Ghaoui. 2018. Multivariate analysis of traits associated with durum wheat seed vigor under saline conditions. Lebanese Science Journal, 19(2): 123-134. In this study, the ability of germination, seedlings emergence and salt stress tolerance in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) were evaluated by multivariate analysis using eight cultivars collected from different regions of Algeria. Two-way ANOVA indicated significant effects of "salt stress" and "genotype" on all the attributes of germination and seedlings growth. The principal component analysis indicated that the first and second components accounted for about 64.5 % of the variation among the traits analyzed. The second component included the coleoptiles length, seedlings length and vigor index, and accounted for nearly 60 % of the variation. This component represented the ability of wheat seedlings to grow under salt stress conditions. The hierarchical cluster analysis classified the eight genotypes into two groups. Results obtained suggested that selection for high values of the traits such as "coleoptiles length", ‘seedlings length’ and "seeds vigor" did improve salt tolerance of durum wheat. In addition, the cross between the genotypes classified in groups I and II may increase the genetic diversity in this species, and enable efficient selection among the progeny obtained from these crosses. RÉSUMÉ Azzedine Fercha, Ayache Laabassi, Tarek Aissani, Chouki Sahraoui, Mahmoud Ghaoui. 2018. Analyse multivariée des traits associés à la vigueur des semences de blé dur sous conditions salines. Journal Scientifique Libanais, 19(2): 123-134. La variabilité génétique de la tolérance à la salinité au stade germination/levée de huit génotypes de blé dur (Triticum durum Desf.) a été évaluée à l’aide d’une analyse multivariée. L’ANOVA a indiqué des effets significatifs des facteurs « stress salin » et « génotype » sur tous les attributs de germination et d’établissement des semis. L’analyse en composantes principales a indiqué que les deux premières composantes représentent environ 64.5 % de la variation totale. La deuxième composante comprend la longueur des coléoptiles, la longueur des plantules et l’indice de vigueur des semences avec ~60 % de contribution. Cette composante représente la capacité d’émergence des plantules sous stress salin. L’analyse hiérarchique a permis de classer les huit variétés en deux groupes. Ces résultats suggèrent que la sélection pour des valeurs élevées des traits comme ‘longueur des coléoptiles’, ‘longueur des plantules’ et ‘vigueur des semences’ va améliorer la tolérance à la salinité chez le blé dur. Ceci indique que les croisements entre les génotypes des deux groupes peuvent augmenter la diversité génétique de cette espèce et permettre une sélection efficace dans la progéniture obtenue à partir de ces croisements.
Analysis of the chromosome variation within some natural populations of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L., Fabaceae) in Algeria
(Caryologia, 2019) Zahira Bouziane
Abstract. Nine natural populations of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) coming from different eco-geographical sites of the North-East Algeria, have been stud- ied for their chromosome number and karyotype features. The study is part of the evalu- ation and valorization of plant genetic resources of fodder and pastoral interest in Alge- ria. The results of mitosis detect two groups of populations, and reveal diversity in the number among and within populations. The Algerian populations of T. subterraneum are characterized by two chromosomic formulas. The first formula (2n=2x=16m) (median), more common in most of the studied populations, is in conformity with previous reports in this species. The karyotype of these populations is symmetrical for size and form. The second (2n=2x= 18m), is detected for the first time and described as a new chro- mosomal formula in T. subterraneum. The latter is relatively more frequent than the first one and characterizes the populations coming from high altitude areas. The karyotype (2n=2x=18m) is relatively symmetrical. At the level of the two established Karyotypes, satellites are highlighted at the first pair. A variation in the size and frequency of these satellites is observed. The species exhibits regular meiotic behaviour, confirming the pres- ence of two basic chromosome numbers (x=8 and 9). The study also highlights the role of ecological factors (Altitude and Rainfall) of the originating environment of Algerian populations in the variation and evolution of chromosome numbers in T. subterraneum. The new cytogenetic data can be exploited in the taxonomy of the species in Algeria in order to select and develop this plant genetic resource in the agricultural field.
Antibacterial Properties of Leaves and Peels Extracts of Citrus aurantifolia cultivated in Algeria against Multi-Drug Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Originating from Raw Milk
(Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research, 2023-11-01) Lamia Benredjem
Plants have an increased consumer preference and acceptability for the treatment of several diseases. Here, the antibacterial properties of organic extracts obtained from leaves and peels of Citrus aurantifolia from Algeria have been characterized. Two solvents, methanol, and ethanol, were employed to extract the bioactive components. Quantitative analysis of total phenols and flavonoids was conducted for the different extracts. The antibacterial activity was tested against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains originating from raw milk and reference strains including Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778. The results revealed that leaves and peels extracts displayed significant antibacterial activity against the tested bacteria. The inhibition zone diameters observed ranged from 16.00 mm to 22.00 mm. The highest antimicrobial effect was observed with the ethanol extracts against the multidrug-resistant S. aureus strains, as indicated by a minimum inhibitory concentration of 1.56 mg/ml. The highest total phenolics and flavonoids contents were found to be 96 mg GAE/g and 54 mg QE/g in peels. Hence, the reported results unveil valuable insights into the antibacterial effects of Citrus aurantifolia extracts which have potential antimicrobial applications.
Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Flavonoids Extracted from Pistacia lentiscus L., Leaves
(Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, 2020-02-15) Naili Oumaima
ABSTRACT Increasingly, the flavonoids becoming the subject of biomedical researches, and many groups have isolated and identified the structures of flavonoids possessing important biological activities. This assess investigates the antimicrobial fight and the antioxidant strengths of flavonoids extracted from Pistacia lentiscus L. leaves. The extract was first analyzed for its phenolic content, then the flavonoids were tested for their antimicrobial capacities by the method of diffusion against fourteen bacteria, two fungi and one yeast. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of flavonoids were determined using the dilution method on solid medium, however, the antioxidant activity was evaluated through the ability of the extract to scavenge DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radicals and the reducing power essay. The results indicate that flavonoids extract contain other phenolics groups. On the other side, the Antibacterial tests exhibited different activities depending on the strains. Unlike, the MIC and the MBC showed that the flavonoids extract showed a best activity against Candida albicans and Vibrio cholerae. Concerning antioxidant activity, the results indicate a moderate capacity of the flavonoid extract. These preliminary results may justify the use of this plant in the treatment of some diseases and may be exploited for therapeutic purposes.
Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles and Molecular Characterisation of Vancomycin Resistance Genes in Enterococcus spp in Algeria
(Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 2020-10) Zakaria Boutarfi
ABSTRACT Introduction: The vanA gene continues to spread throughout the world. Algeria does not seem to be spared, but the data, which remain sporadic, are also old. This has justified the overriding interest in exploring the current state of antibiotic resistance in Enterococci, while focusing on the presence of certain genes. Aim: To study the isolation frequency and the level of antibiotic resistance of Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) and Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium) isolated during two years at the Tlemcen Hospital (northwest Algeria), while investigating the possible presence of Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci (VRE). Materials and Methods: The present study was a prospective study in which Enterococcus spp was isolated from five different departments which were identified and confirmed by molecular identification with ‘tuf’ gene. Antibiotic sensitivity was done by the agar diffusion and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) method. The vancomycin resistance genes (van A, van B) were researched by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and then sequenced by the Genoscreen laboratory in Lille (France). SPSS software version 20 (IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) statistics 20) was used to analyse the data obtained from the study. Results: The PCR of the “tuf” gene revealed two predominant species E. faecalis and E. faecium. All isolates have a multidrug resistance, two E. faecium were distinguished by their resistance to vancomycin with MICs >256 μg/mL. At the origin of this resistance, the vanA gene was characterised and sequenced; the obtained sequence has been introduced into the Genbank National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database. Conclusion: This work revealed alarming levels of antibiotic resistance in Enterococci, the vanA gene was found in two E. faecium; sequencing of this gene has revealed a total homology with another isolated in Cuba, which demonstrates a worldwide spread of this resistance gene
Antimicrobial, antibiofilm, anti-quorum sensing and motility inhibition activities of essential oil from seeds of food spice Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich. on some pathogenic bacteria
(Research Journal of Biotechnology, 2021-06) Yasmine Arab
Abstract Medicinal food excipients can be used to combat microbial infections especially essential oils. Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich is a highly consumed medicinal food spice in Africa and its seeds essential oil was extracted by hydro-distillation and characterized by GC-FID and GC-MS. Its antimicrobial, anti-biofilm, anti-motility and quorum sensing inhibition potentials were evaluated on some pathogenic microorganisms. The identified compounds were grouped as oxygenated monoterpenes (57.06%) and monoterpenes hydrocarbons (28.96%) as major components while sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (5.94%), oxygenated sesquiterpenes (2.29%) and diterpenes (1.79%) where minor constituents. The most abundant constituent in the essential oil is myrtenol (13.25%), an oxygenated monoterpene. The most sensitive gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria were S. aureus and P. aeruginosa respectively with MIC values of 0.3125 μg/mL while the yeast C. albicans showed MIC of 0.625 μg/mL. Good antibiofilm results were found with highest inhibition percentage in S. aureus varying from 73.0±3.0 at MIC to 9.0±0.5 % at MIC/32. Biofilm inhibitions were higher in gram-positive bacteria than for gramnegative and yeast. Highest motility inhibitions were 45.32±0.10 and 63.84±3.50% in swimming and swarming models respectively at dose of 100 μg/mL. The essential oil of X. aethiopica showed good antiquorum sensing activity with quorum-sensing inhibition zones of 22.0±0.5 mm at MIC. The good results show that consumption of X. aethiopica is potent biocontrol means to reduce severity and virulence of food pathogens and to reduce their resistance to antibiotics which is a global health problem
Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of extract and phases from stems of Spartium junceum L. growing in Algeria
(International Journal of Phytomedicineb, 2016) Sofiane Habibatni
A b s t r a c t This work aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the hydroalcoholic (80% methanol) extract and n-hexane (n-Hex), chloroform (Chl), ethyl acetate (EtAc), and nbutanol (n-But) phases from Spartium junceum L. stems collected in Algeria. Preliminary phytochemical investigations on phenolic compounds have been carried out. The total phenolic content, spectrophotometrically determined, ranged from 71.8095 ± 3.7136 mg GAE/g (extract) to 0.0582 ± 0.0106 mg GAE/g (n-Hex). By HPLC-PDA analysis flavonoids (flavone derivatives), p-hydroxybenzoic acid, p-hydroxycinnamic acid, and cinnamic acid derivatives were identified both in the extract and phases. S. junceum extract showed a noticeable free radical scavenging effect in the DPPH test (IC50 = 0.6833 ± 0.0240 mg/mL), mild reducing power, and strong chelating activity (IC50 = 0.2292 ± 0.0138 mg/mL). Among the phases, n-But displayed the best effect both in the DPPH test and reducing power assay, whereas n-Hex resulted the most active in the ferrous ions chelating activity assay. A positive relationship between DPPH radical scavenging activity and total phenolic content was found. Both the extract and phases exhibited antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria only. Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 was the most susceptible strain (MIC range: 15.60-250.00 μg/mL), and the Chl phase showed the greatest efficacy. S. junceum extract resulted non-toxic against Artemia salina. The obtained results demonstrate the potential of S. junceum stems as safe sources of natural antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds
APPLICATION OF MALDI- TOF MS TECHNOLOGY TO THE IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PATHOGENS IN DAIRY INDUSTRY
(journalijar, 2018-03) mohamed abdelhafid hamidechi
The prerequisite of any microbial identification technique, especially in food industry, is its accuracy. Furthermore, it should be easy to perform, fast and cost-effective to ensure safe products and identify their microbial contamination. In this study, we tested Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) as an efficient tool allowing identification of bacterial isolates with high confidence and speed. Five bacterial species were isolated from pasteurized milk samples collected from different steps of their line production, in a local dairy company in Constantine, Algeria. The isolates were analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS method and results were compared with those provided by sequencing of the 16S rDNA gene in order to confirm the identification. All bacterial isolates were successfully identified by MALDI-TOF MS method to the species level (scores ≥2). In parallel, 16S rDNA gene sequencing analysis identified the five isolates to the species level (≥99% sequence similarity). The results of MALDI-TOF MS-based identification of the bacterial isolates studied showed a total concordance (100% same species) for isolates designed S1, S2 and B2 to those of the reference method (16S rDNA gene sequencing), except for two cases (isolate B1 and B3), were the identification by both proteomic and genomic methods coincided at the genus level. This study suggests that comparatively to 16S rDNA gene sequencing which provides limited results; MALDI- TOF MS is a highly sensitive and rapid method that could be used to identify pathogens in dairy industry.
Are Cyanotoxins the Only Toxic Compound Potentially Present in Microalgae Supplements? Results from a Study of Ecological and Non-Ecological Products
(MDPI, 2020-08-28) Soumia Boutarfa
Abstract: Food supplements with microalgae are becoming increasingly abundant and can be easily found anywhere. The most popular products are based on cyanophytes, such as Aphanizomenon flos-aquae, Arthrospira platensis and Limnospira maxima, or on chlorophytes, such as Chlorella or Haematoccus. Although they are all advertised as being very beneficial for health, these products might be harmful because they may contain cyanotoxins and other contaminants, and no information on production methods or strain origins is usually provided. While legislation on the presence of microcystins in waters for di erent uses is clear, toxicological analyses are not compulsory for food supplements, nor for analyzing anatoxins. Given the potential risk of eating contaminated food, cyanotoxins, heavy metals and the presence of other contaminant organisms were analyzed in 10 microalgae food supplements. Microcystin-LR and anatoxin-a were detected in three analyzed products, and in both cyanophyte- and chlorophyte-based products. The light microscope study revealed the presence of di erent potentially harmful microbial contaminants. The ICP (OES) analyses detected high concentrations of some heavy metals, especially Pb. The results emphasize the need to promote the better control of food products containing microalgae, and to develop standard methodologies to analyze cyanotoxins and potential toxic compounds to protect consumer health.
Are diurnal time-budgets andlactivity patterns density-dependent inlthelShelduck (Tadorna tadorna) wintering inlAlgeria? Anlanalysis acrosslmultiple temporal scales
(Avian Research, 2019) DjamellBensizerara
Abstract Background: The Shelduck (Tadorna tadorna) is a characteristic waterbird species of inland wetlands in northeastern Algeria. Its wintering behavior in relation to changes of local abundances and foraging group density is poorly known. Objectives: This study aims at monitoring patterns of diurnal activities and the variation of behavioral time-budgets in relation to numbers of wintering Shelducks. We investigate temporal variations of diurnal activities across multiple- time scales and consider their interrelationships. Methods: Assessments of local population abundance were weekly surveyed during two wintering seasons (2010- 2012), whereas diurnal activities (feeding, sleeping, swimming, preening, loafing, flying, courtship, and antagonism) were studied three times a month during seven hours (08:00-16:00) using the Scan method. Time budget variations of each behavioral activity were tested using nested ANOVAs following multiple time scales. Generalized linear mixed- effects models (GLMM) tested whether variations in diurnal activities were density-dependent. Results: During the wintering season, Shelduck's numbers followed a bell-shaped trend, which indicated that the species was typically a wintering migrant in Sabkha Djendli. The first individuals arrived onsite in October-November then numbers reached a peak in January (up to 2400 individuals in 2012) with steady density during December-Feb- ruary, afterward individuals left the site progressively until late April when the site is deserted. During both wintering seasons, diurnal activities were dominated by feeding (60%), followed by sleeping (12%) then swimming and preen- ing with 9% and 8%, respectively. The rest of the activities (loafing, flying, courtship and antagonistic behaviors) had low proportions of time budget. ANOVAs showed that activity time budgets varied significantly following multiple time scales (year, season, month, day, semi-hour). Time budgets of diurnal activities during each wintering season were significantly interrelated. Correlations patterns between the two seasons were similar. GLMMs revealed that the variations of diurnal activities were not density-dependent, except for preening and swimming. Conclusion: During the wintering season, habitats of Sabkha Djendli are important for waterbirds, including the Shelduck that used the lake mainly for food-foraging and resting. The 2400 individuals censused in mid-winter are important locally and at the North African scale. This stresses the need to strengthen the protection status of this wetland and mitigate degradation sources that threaten wintering waterfowl.
Artemisia herba-alba Asso. essential oil antibacterial activity and acute toxicity
(elsevier, 2018-02-27) Anis BERTELLA
Artemisia herba-alba Asso., known as the desert wormwood, is a medicinal plant and its essential oil is used in Algerian herbal medicine. In the present study the in vitro antibacterial activity against 21 bacterial strains and chemical composition of Artemisia herba-alba essential oil were investigated. The acute toxicity by determination of the median lethal dose was also studied. The results of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of the essential oil gave 19 compounds accounting for 98.7% and the major constituent was camphor with an amount of 50.7%. A significant antibacterial effect was observed with important zones of inhibition against Klebsiella oxytoca (31.3 mm) by disc diffusion method and against Acinetobacter baumannnii (47.6 mm) by microatmoshphere method. The minimum inhibitory concentration and the minimum bactericidal concentration values were ranging from 5 to 10 mg mL−1 and 10–20 mg mL−1 , respectively. Moreover, their ratio exhibited by the essential oil was 2. The bactericidal end point was achieved after 24 h of exposure to the essential oil, for all the bacteria assayed. The oil was slightly toxic with a median lethal dose of 615 mg kg−1 . The results of this study suggest that the essential oil of Artemisia herba-alba can be a source of natural antibacterial agents with potential pharmacological applications.
Article original Incidence du streptocoque du groupe b (sgb) chez les nouveau-nés nés à Constantine (Algérie) et dans deux de ses banlieues. Intérêt de la détermination des sérotypesIncidence of group b streptococcus (gbs) in neonates born in Constantine (Algeria) and two of its suburbs usefullness of serotyping
(elsevier, 2003-08) M. A. HAMIDECHI
Aim. – Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is the germ most often responsible for neonatal infections. Several risk factors are described. The objective of this investigation was to demonstrate the effects of age, sex, and place of birth in neonates GBS infection, including serotype distribution. Method. – A 4 years-long multicentric study was carried out in Constantine and 2 of its suburbs, including 8,711 live neonates. Seven hundred and thirty-three suspected infections were recorded and sorted according to postnatal age (≤ 7 days and > 7 days), sex, and place of birth (related to the mothers’ socioprofessional status). Thirty-one cases of GBS infection were confirmed. Results. – GBS was identified in 53 out of 733 suspected cases of infection (i.e.: 7.2% or 1/14 suspected case). The incidence of early GBS infection was greater than late onset (36 vs 17 out of 53 cases). GBS colonization was not related to age. High socioprofessional status decreased the infection risk significantly in neonates. Conclusion. – This study demonstrates that favorable hygiene and the mother’s high socioprofessional status decrease the risk of neonatal GBS infection
Assessment of groundwater salinity and risk of soil degradation in Quaternary aquifer system. Example: Annaba plain, Algeria N-E
(JOURNAL OF WATER AND LAND DEVELOPMENT, 2018) Tarek DAIFALLAH; Samia HALIMI
Abstract Quality of water resources in Annaba plain (North East) of Algeria is facing a serious challenge due to industrialisation and excessive exploitation of water. Therefore, 29 groundwater samples were collected from this area to assess their hydrogeochemistry and suitability for irrigation purposes. The groundwater samples were analysed for distribution of chemical elements Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, HCO3 −, Cl−, and SO4 2−. It also includes pH, electrical conductivity. The hydrochimical study has shown that the facieses are changing between a pole calcium-chloride-sulphate and sodium-chloride types. The results also showed that the salinity is the major problem with water for irrigation use (58% of samples fall into C3S1 class). As a result, the quality of the groundwater is not suitable for sustainable crop production and soil health without appropriate remediation.
Assessment of in vitro activities and chemical profiling of Senecio hoggariensis growing in Algerian Sahara
(BIODIVE RS ITAS, 2022-07) Yasmine Arab
Abstract. Arab Y, Sahin B, Ceylan O, Zellagui A, Olmez OT, Kucukaydin S, Tamfu AN, Ozturk M, Gherraf N. 2022. Assessment of in vitro activities and chemical profiling of Senecio hoggariensis growing in Algerian Sahara. Biodiversitas 23: 3498-3506. The in vitro antioxidant, anticholinesterase, tyrosinase inhibitory, antibiofilm, and anti-quorum sensing activities of the ethyl acetate extract of Senecio hoggariensis, growing in Algerian Sahara, were studied along with its chemical constituents using HPLC-DAD. The chromatographic analysis unveiled seven phenolic compounds, including p-coumaric acid as a major component. Additionally, the extract showed moderate DPPH radical scavenging activity, compared to known standards. At 200 μg/mL, the extract disclosed equitable acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyryl-cholinesterase (BChE) and tyrosinase inhibition rates with respective values of 37.01±1.48%, 18.87±4.18% and 45.99±1.81%. Likewise, the extract exhibited a good antibiofilm activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10239 biofilm production with an inhibition ratio of 59.56±0.40%, at 50μg/mL. The anti-quorum sensing by QS-regulated violacein pigment production inhibition test was determined using Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 and CV12472. The swarming motility inhibition assay was determined using Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA01. It is evident from the findings that Senecio hoggariensis could be considered potential antioxidant, anti-QS, and antibiofilm compounds. However, the origin of anti-biofilm and anti-quorum sensing activities of the ethyl acetate extract could be revealed by further studies on the mechanism of action of active compounds that can be isolated via activity-guided fractionation.
Assessment of soil metallic contamination in several sites from Northeast Algeria by use of terrestrial gastropod: Cornu aspersum (O.F. Müller, 1774) (Helicidae)
(researchgate, 2023-06-26) Rabah Larba
ABSTRACT The study aimed to determine concentrations of some trace elements (Fe, Mn, and Pb) in soils of five sites in Northeast Algeria (Sidi Ammar, Drean, Chatt, Besbes, and El-Kala) during the spring and autumn of 2019. All of the sites were chosen due to their proximity to industrial factories. In addition, the activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), indicators of oxidative stress and neurotoxicity respectively, were measured in land snail Cornu aspersum (O.F. Müller, 1774) (Mollusca Gastropoda Helicidae) collected from all studied sites. The concentration of heavy metals in these soils decreases as follows: Fe > Mn > Pb. GST and AChE activities were found to vary between sites and by season. The highest levels of GST activity were registered during the spring at sites closest to potential sources of pollution. AChE values showed inhibition in spring as compared to autumn. In addition, the highest inhibition values were recorded at the Sidi Ammar site. These increased levels of bioindication stress responses correlated significantly with increasing metal concentration in soil samples collected at each site. The differences recorded between the sites studied are related to their level of pollution, while the seasonal variations were due to the effect of heavy metals leaching in autumn.

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