Browsing by Author "Lyas Bouazza"

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    Chemical composition and digestibility of some browse plant species collected from Algerian arid rangelands
    (Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 2012) sohil Boufennara; Lyas Bouazza
    Many wild browse and bush species are undervalued mainly because of insufficient knowledge about their potential feeding value. The objective was to evaluate some nutritional attributes of various Algerian browse and shub species (Atriplex halimus, Artemisia campestris, Artemisia herba-alba, Astragalus gombiformis, Calobota saharae, Retama raetam, Stipagrostis pungens, Lygeum spartum and Stipa tenacissima). Chemical composition, phenols and tannins concentration, in vitro digestibility, in vitro gas production kinetics and in vitro bio-assay for assessment of tannins using buffered rumen fluid, and in situ disappearence of the edible parts of the plants (leaves, thin twigs and flowers) were determined. In general, protein content in dicotyledon species was always greater than in monocotyledon grasses, these showing higher neutral and acid detergent fibre and lower lignin contents than dicots. The tannin concentrations varied considerably between species, but in general the plants investigated in this study had low tannin contents (except for Artemisia spp. and S. tenacissima). Monocots showed lower in vitro and in situ digestibilities, fermentation rate, cumulative gas production and extent of degradation than dicot species. The plants were clustered by principal components analysis in two groups: poor-quality grasses and the most digestible dicot species. Chemical composition (neutral detergent fibre and protein) and digestibility were the main influential variables determining the ranking. In conclusion, A. halimus, A. campestris, A. herba-alba and A. gombiformis can be considered of greater nutritional value than the highly fibrous and low digestible grasses (S. pungens, L. spartum and S. tenacissima) that should be considered emergency roughages
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    Comparing Chemical Composition and Digestibility of Pedicels and Palm Leaves as a Source for Livestock Feeding by in vitro and in situ Techniques
    (Journal of Rangeland Science, 2019) Souhil Boufennara; Lyas Bouazza; Khaled Rahal
    Abstract. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical composition and in vitro digestibility, and to estimate the in vitro fermentation parameters of palm leaves and pedicels from Ghars palm variety. A rumen in situ technique was also used to examine In vitro Digestible Dry Matter (IDDM), In vitro Digestible Crude Protein (IDCP), and In vitro Digestible Neutral Fiber (IDNF), and rate and extent of gas production. Vetch-oat hay was taken as a reference feed material. The samples were collected in Tolga district (southeast Algeria). TheCrude Protein (CP) content of the plant species was low for pedicels and palm leaves (33 and 60 g kg−1 DM, respectively). The highest content of total extractable phenols, tannins and condensed tannins was observed in palm leaves whereas pedicels showed lower concentrations. In vitro digestibility and in situ DM disappearance were slightly different for the examined forages. Analogue trends were observed for the in vitro fermentation kinetics estimated from the gas production curves. Pedicels showed the highest DM effective degradability (ED; assuming a passage rate of 0.03 h-1) whereas palm leaves seemed to be a poorly degradable material with an ED coefficient of 0.39 and 0.14 g g-1DM, respectively. Despite the moderate CP and high fiber content along with in vitro digestibility and in situ DM disappearance found in pedicels, in comparison with vetch oat hay degradation, it indicated that this plant could have a greater nutritional value. Dry matter disappearance after 144 h of incubation was negatively correlated with phenolic compounds and total extractable tannins, suggesting that the in vitro techniques can be appropriate for detecting the presence of anti-nutritional substances in shrubs.
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    Effect of polyethylene glycol addition on methane production from some Algerian browse plant species in an in vitro gas system
    (om.ciheam.org, 2013) Lyas Bouazza; sohil Boufennara
    Abstract. Biological activity of tannins of different browse plants was measured as the change in methane production when plant material was incubated with and without polyethylene glycol (PEG) using the in vitro gas production technique. Four dicotyledon browse plants (Atriplex halimus, Artemisia campestris, Artemisia herba-alba, Calobota saharae) and three monocotyledon browse plants (Stipagrostis pungens, Lygeum spartum and Stipa tenacissima), collected from an arid zone in Bousâada were evaluated. The increase in gas production upon the addition of PEG, compared with that without PEG, for the browse species varied widely (P<0.05), being particularly high in S. tenacissima (+35.0%) and low in L. spartum (+1.5%). The methane concentration in fermentation gas ranged from 7.9% with A. halimus to 18.6% with L. spartum. The higher increase in methane percentage was noted for S. tenacissima (+47.4%) and the lower percent value was observed for L. spartum (+1.5%). In presence of PEG, the methane production had positive correlation with crude protein (r = +0.78) while in absence of PEG, the methane production was correlated negatively with total condensed tannins (r = -0.88). The strongest correlation (r = 0.89; P<0.01) was between total condensed tannins and methane increase response to the addition of polyethylene glycol, suggesting that tannin compounds appeared to be useful to identify plants possessing antimethanogenic activity
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    In vitro assessment of nutritive value of date palm by-products as feed for ruminants
    (ejfa.me, 2016) Souhil Boufennara; Lyas Bouazza
    Date-palm leaves, pedicels, date-pits and waste dates are date-palm by-products (DPBP), routinely used as a feed resource by oasis farmers. This work aims to assess in vitro the chemical composition and nutritional value of these DPBP, including waste dates from three varieties (Bouarus, Harchaya and Kentichi). Vetch-oat hay was used as a reference feed material. Palm leaves showed the highest NDF, ADF, lignin and crude protein contents (609, 435, 84, 64 g kg-1 DM, respectively). Cumulative gas production at 144 h of incubation was greatest for Kentichi dates (330 mL g-1DM) and lowest for date-pits (69 mL g-1DM). Regardless of the variety, waste dates showed the highest DM effective ruminal degradability (ED=0.48-0.49; estimated for a passage rate of 0.03 h-1) and organic matter digestibility (OMD), whereas date-pits seemed to be a poorly degradable material, with an ED coefficient of 0.09 g g-1 DM. The lowest total VFA production from ruminal fermentation was with date-pits and the highest with waste dates of the Bouarus variety. These results suggest that waste dates, albeit their low protein content, should be considered highly digestible with energy concentrations as high as that of vetch-oat hay. Palm leaves and pedicels can be considered as highly fibrous emergency roughages for low-producing animals. When DPBP are used as feedstuffs, protein supplements will be necessary to balance the ruminant diets.
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    In vitro Gas Production and Fermentation Parameters of Some Plants Species Collected from Algerian Arid Rangelands
    (Journal of Rangeland Science, 2021-05-16) Souhil Boufennara; Lyas Bouazza
    Abstract. The objective of the study was to evaluate the nutritional value of some native plants, collected from Algerian arid zones by in vitro gas production method. The volatile fatty acids (VFA) of samples were also determined in the culture medium. This work was conducted in comparison to a control substrate (oat vetch) considered as a reference plant in literature. The selected plants were collected in the arid areas of the Algerian desert. Nine forages including six dicotyledon plants (Atriplex halimus L., Artemisia campestris L., Artemisia herba-alba subsp. valentina, Astragalus gombiformis Pomel, Spartidium saharae (Coss. & Dur.) and Retama raetam Forssk., and three monocotyledon plants (Stipagrostis pungens (Desf.),Lygeum spartum L. and Stipa tenacissima L.) were selected. A. campestris, A. gombiformis and A. herba-alba recorded the highest values of gas production. The total VFA production of the different substrates is significantly different between them (p<0.0001). A. gombiformis had the highest total VFA (34.7 mmol/L) followed by A. campestris (32.8 mmol/L), while the lowest total production of VFA was observed in S. tenacissima (17.3 mmol/L).Generally, the plant studied can be classified in two groups, one group with poor-quality grasses (L. spartum and S. tenacissima) and other with higher digestibility (A. gombiformis and Artemisia spp.). In conclusion, dicot species are therefore recommended for feeding ruminants.
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    In vitro screening of Algerian steppe browse plants for digestibility, rumen fermentation profile and methane mitigation
    (Springer, 2019-06-10) Lyas Bouazza; Souhil Boufennara; Mustapha Bensaada; Azzeddine Zeraib; Khalid Rahal
    Abstract The aim of this study was to screen the nutritive value and the effects of anti-nutritional secondary compounds (condensed tannins) on in vitro rumen fermentation and methane mitigation of Algerian steppe browse species: Albizia julibrissin (pods), Acacia nilotica (pods), Punica granatum (leaves and pericarp), Vicia faba (leaves), Artemisia herba-alba (aerial part), Attriplex halimus (leaves) and Calligonum azel (bark). Chemical composition, and in vitro digestibility, and rumen fermentation kinetics and end-products accumulation in batch cultures were determined. Polyethylene glycol (PEG), a tannin binding agent was used to measure the biological activity of tannins. Protein content was high for A. julibrissin and V. faba and low for the pericarp of P. granatum and bark of C. azel. The highest concentrations of total extractable phenols and tannins were observed in P. granatum, whereas A. halimus showed the lowest concentrations. A. nilotica, C. azel and A. julibrissin showed the highest and A. halimus and A herba-alba the lowest total condensed tannin contents. Vicia faba was the most digestible forage. All the browse species used in the current study, with the exception of C. azel bark, can be used as alternative feedstuffs for ruminant nutrition. The most promising forage in terms of reduced methane emissions is Atriplex halimus foliage, because the decreased methane production is not associated to a reduced rumen degradation and fermentation of this forage in the rumen. However, in vivo studies are warranted to confirm its potential to be included in ruminant diets
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    Methane production from the rumen fermentation of Algerian Acacia tree foliage
    (om.ciheam.org, 2014) Lyas Bouazza; sohil Boufennara
    Abstract. The present study was carried out to determine the in vitro methane production from the rumen fermentation of Acacia tree leaves (Acacia nilotica, A. cyanophylla, A. albida, A. horrida and Albizia julibrissin) and its reduction by the addition of a tannin-blocking agent (polyethylene glycol, PEG). Gas production was determined when foliage from the five plant species was incubated in diluted rumen fluid for 6, 12, 24 and 48 h, and methane was measured after the incubation at 24 h. The incubations were conducted either without or with the addition of the tannin binder polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000). This has been considered a bioassay of tannin activity, represented by the increase in gas (methane) production upon the addition of PEG (i.e., when tanning are neutralized). The ratio +PEG/-PEG (in total gas production) was highest for A. nilotica (2.23 and 1.75 at 12 h and 24h), followed by A. cyanophylla (1.73 at 48 h), reflecting the high amount and biologi - cal activity of tannins in these plants. PEG addition increased methane production for all the Acacia species, thus confirming that tannins in these samples affected methanogenesis. An increase in total volatile fatty acid concentration in samples with addition of PEG was observed only with A. nilotica and A. cyanophylla. Tannins contained in these plants could be of interest to reduce methane production, providing that other parameters of ruminal fermentation were not inhibited.
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    Nutritive evaluation of foliage from fodder trees and shrubs characteristic of Algerian arid and semi-arid areas
    (Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences, 2012-09-14) sohil Boufennara; Lyas Bouazza
    ABSTRACT The chemical composition and digestibility of foliage from nine browse plant species (Artemisia herba-alba, Atriplex halimus, Acacia nilotica, Acacia horrida, Acacia saligna, Faidherbia albida, Albizia julibrissin, Vicia faba and Punica granatum) grown in arid and semi-arid areas of Algeria were evaluated. Feed components were determined by proximate analysis, whereas phenolic and tannin compounds were analysed by colorimetric procedures and their activity tested using a biological assay. Digestibility was assessed by conventional gravimetric in vitro and in situ methods, and rumen fermentation kinetics were estimated from the in vitro gas production technique. The foliage from Acacia species was found to be a protein-rich fodder for ruminants, although the high lignin and tannin content of some species is an important constraint limiting its digestive utilization in the gastrointestinal tract. The leguminous fodder tree, A. julibrissin, has a high protein content and its foliage is highly digestible owing to its low tannin content. Foliage from P. granatum is a highly digestible browse for ruminants.
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    Nutritive evaluation of foliage from some Acacia trees characteristic of Algerian arid and semi-arid areas
    (om.ciheam.org, 2013) Lyas Bouazza; Souhil Boufennara
    Abstract. Chemical composition and digestibility of foliage from five Acacia species (Acacia nilotica, Acacia horrida, Acacia saligna, Acacia albida and Albizia julibrissin) from arid and semi-arid areas of Algeria were evaluated. Feed components of proximate analysis were determined, whereas phenolic and tannin compounds were analysed by colorimetric procedures and their activity tested using a biological assay. Digestibility was assessed by conventional gravimetric in vitro and in situ methods, and rumen fermentation kinetics were measured using the in vitro gas production technique. Results showed that all browses contained high levels of CP (157-252 g/kg DM). The content of neutral detergent fiber was highest in A. horrida (551 g/kg DM) and lowest in A. nilotica (290 g/kg DM). The content of lignin was highest in A. saligna (147 g/kg DM). The tannin concentrations varied considerably between species, but in general the plants investigated in this study had high tannin contents. A. nilotica had the highest levels of TP and TET (213 and 205 g/kg DM, respectively). The TCT content ranged from 60 g/kg DM in A. albida to 726 g/ kg DM in A. nilotica. The leguminous fodder tree A. julibrissin shows high protein content and its foliage is highly digestible probably due to its low tannin content. It was concluded that foliage from Acacia species is a protein-rich fodder for ruminants, although the high lignin and tannin content of some species represents an important constraint that could limit digestive utilization in the gastro-intestinal tract of these species.