Browsing by Author "Hamli Sofia"

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    DÉTERMINISME GÉNÉTIQUE DES CARACTÈRES MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGIQUES LIÉS AU RENDEMENT CHEZ LE BLÉ DUR EN ZONE SEMI-ARIDE DES HAUTS PLATEAUX SÉTIFIENS, ALGÉRIE
    (European Scientific Journal, 2015-04) Hamli Sofia; Kadi Kenza; Addad Dalila
    Abstract The present investigation was undertaken to study the inheritance pattern of morpho-physiological traits: relative water content, excised leaf water loss, flag leaf area and membrane stability, in an F3 population of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.). The results reflected a satisfactory range of variability in the evaluated traits. Range magnitude of the four traits represented the equivalent of 5.0 to 11.4 times the least significant difference at 5% level. Transgressors with variable frequency were observed for all the measured traits. In fact 25% of the F3 lines showed a relative water content greater than 85%, 3% has a flag leaf area superior to 26 cm², 8% had a low leaf water loss rate and 11% expressed a low electrolyte leakage rate, suggesting a high membrane stability. Medium to high broad sense heritability estimates were noted for the measured traits. Medium to high genetic gain expressed as percent of the base population mean was observed, taking the following values: 11.0%, 24.0%, 68% and 88%, for relative water European Scientific Journal April 2015 edition vol.11, No.12 ISSN: 1857 – 7881 (Print) e - ISSN 1857- 7431 content, flag leaf area, excised leaf water loss rate, and percent of cell injury, respectively. Altogether, the obtained results indicated that the studied cross population would be of interest in the breeding program and an effective progress can be made through selection of these morpho-physiological characters to enhance stress tolerance and grain yield potential
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    Physiological Response and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity of New Durum Wheat Varieties under Heat Stress
    (2023) Hamli Sofia; Addad Dalila
    Heat stress is one of the most important environmental factors causing serious problems to durum wheat production in arid and semi-arid regions. Different biochemical and physiological parameters were determined in the leaves of new durum wheat varieties (Triticum durum Desf.) under heat shock stress (40°C) at the 3rd–4th leaf stage to select tolerant genotypes: antioxidant enzyme activities; ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, total chlorophyll, chlorophyll (a) and (b) content, photochemical efficiency (FvFm −1 ) and cell membrane stability (CMS). This is the first time that this study has been carried out to test these varieties for their heat stress tolerance using antioxydant enzymes. Results show that heat stress has a significant impact on the most of the measured parameters, increasing levels of (MDA) content and enzyme activity up to 81.41% for catalase (CAT) compared to the control and decreasing the chlorophyll content and photochemical efficiency (FvFm −1), reaches 40% for chlorophyll (a). The lowest level of MDA was registered in the genotype Boutaleb with 1.170 ± 0.23 µmol g –1 FM, whereas the highest level in catalase activity was observed in Boutaleb and Mansourah (0.011 ± 0.001) and (0.009 ± 0.002) µmol min –1 mg –1 respectively, in comparison with the control and with the other genotypes, and the lowest level was determined in Hoggar with (0.002 ± 0.001) µmol min 1mg –1 . The new variety Boutaleb (G5) performs better than other genotypes, and it will serve as a source of new heat-tolerant wheat lines.