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Browsing scientific publication and books by Author "Azzedine Fercha"

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    ANALYSEMULTIVARIÉE DES TRAITS ASSOCIÉS À LA VIGUEUR DES SEMENCES DE BLÉ DUR SOUS CONDITIONS SALINES
    (Lebanese Science Journal, 2018) Azzedine Fercha
    ABSTRACT Azzedine Fercha, Ayache Laabassi, Tarek Aissani, Chouki Sahraoui, Mahmoud Ghaoui. 2018. Multivariate analysis of traits associated with durum wheat seed vigor under saline conditions. Lebanese Science Journal, 19(2): 123-134. In this study, the ability of germination, seedlings emergence and salt stress tolerance in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) were evaluated by multivariate analysis using eight cultivars collected from different regions of Algeria. Two-way ANOVA indicated significant effects of "salt stress" and "genotype" on all the attributes of germination and seedlings growth. The principal component analysis indicated that the first and second components accounted for about 64.5 % of the variation among the traits analyzed. The second component included the coleoptiles length, seedlings length and vigor index, and accounted for nearly 60 % of the variation. This component represented the ability of wheat seedlings to grow under salt stress conditions. The hierarchical cluster analysis classified the eight genotypes into two groups. Results obtained suggested that selection for high values of the traits such as "coleoptiles length", ‘seedlings length’ and "seeds vigor" did improve salt tolerance of durum wheat. In addition, the cross between the genotypes classified in groups I and II may increase the genetic diversity in this species, and enable efficient selection among the progeny obtained from these crosses. RÉSUMÉ Azzedine Fercha, Ayache Laabassi, Tarek Aissani, Chouki Sahraoui, Mahmoud Ghaoui. 2018. Analyse multivariée des traits associés à la vigueur des semences de blé dur sous conditions salines. Journal Scientifique Libanais, 19(2): 123-134. La variabilité génétique de la tolérance à la salinité au stade germination/levée de huit génotypes de blé dur (Triticum durum Desf.) a été évaluée à l’aide d’une analyse multivariée. L’ANOVA a indiqué des effets significatifs des facteurs « stress salin » et « génotype » sur tous les attributs de germination et d’établissement des semis. L’analyse en composantes principales a indiqué que les deux premières composantes représentent environ 64.5 % de la variation totale. La deuxième composante comprend la longueur des coléoptiles, la longueur des plantules et l’indice de vigueur des semences avec ~60 % de contribution. Cette composante représente la capacité d’émergence des plantules sous stress salin. L’analyse hiérarchique a permis de classer les huit variétés en deux groupes. Ces résultats suggèrent que la sélection pour des valeurs élevées des traits comme ‘longueur des coléoptiles’, ‘longueur des plantules’ et ‘vigueur des semences’ va améliorer la tolérance à la salinité chez le blé dur. Ceci indique que les croisements entre les génotypes des deux groupes peuvent augmenter la diversité génétique de cette espèce et permettre une sélection efficace dans la progéniture obtenue à partir de ces croisements.
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    Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Berries Essential Oil of Algerian Juniperus thurifera (Var. aurasiaca)
    (Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2018-09-23) Azzedine Fercha; Azzeddine Zeraib
    A B S T R A C T Background: Over the past decade, most antibiotic research programs have focused on finding new compounds with antimicrobial activity. This study aims to investigate the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of the essential oil (EO) extracted from ripe berries of Algerian Juniperus thurifera var. aurasiaca. Methods: The chemical composition of J. thurifera EO extracted by hydrodistillation was analyzed by using the GC-MS technique. Antibacterial activity of EO alone and in combination with three conventional antibiotics was assessed by using disc diffusion method against four bacterial strains. Results: Thirty-five components were identified, representing ~87 % of the oil. The main components were m-mentha-6,8-diene (15.43 %), β-pinene (10.59 %), elemol (8.31 %) and terpinene-4-ol (7.44 %). The essential oil showed strong antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, but no activity against P. aeruginosa and B. subtilis. Synergistic effects were observed because of the combined application of EO with gentamicin against all strains tested, and with amoxicillin against B. subtilis. Furthermore, the combination of EO/cefazolin demonstrated an additive effect against B. subtilis. In contrast, the combination of EO with amoxicillin and céfazoline revealed antagonistic effects against S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa. Conclusion: This is the first report on the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of Algerian juniper berries’ essential oil. The results indicate that the studied EO may be a promising source of antibacterial compounds that could be useful for pharmaceutical applications especially in combination with conventional antibiotics.
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    Chemical composition and biological activities of Algerian Santolina africana essential oil
    (elsevier, 2019-05-20) Azzedine Fercha; Azzeddine Zeraib
    a b s t r a c t The chemical composition and the biological activities of the essential oil (EO) extracted by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of Algerian population of Santolina africana have been studied. S. Africana EO was chemically characterized by means of GC–MS. Forty-six compounds were identified representing ∼92% of the total oil. β-pinene (11.65%), ger- macrene (10.33%), 1,8-Cineole (9.46%) and sabinene (7.18%) were the major components. The EO antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH assay. All EO concentrations showed considerable scavenging ability on DPPH radicals (IC 50 < 1.13 mg.mL −1 ). The antibacterial screening of EO alone and in combination with three conventional antibiotics (ABs) was made by way of disc diffusion against four standard strains. The interactive effects be- tween EO and ABs were evaluated using the One-way ANOVA analysis. The results showed a remarkable antibacterial activity of S. africana EO against Staphylococcus aureus (29 mm), Escherichia coli (29.27 mm) and Bacillus subtilis (15 mm). Excluding the antagonistic effect observed with cefazolin, the combined application of S. africana EO with the other two antibiotics led to synergistic and additive effects. These findings show the potential use of S. africana EO as an interesting source of potent antioxidant and antibiotic components useful for medicine.
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    Comparative analysis of metabolic proteome variation in ascorbate-primed and unprimed wheat seeds during germination under salt stress
    (elsevier, 2014-05-21) Azzedine Fercha
    Seed priming with ascorbic acid improves salt tolerance in durum wheat. For understanding the potential mechanisms underlying this priming effect a gel-free shotgun proteomic analysis was performed comparing unprimed to ascorbate-primed wheat seed during germination under saline and non-saline conditions. Since seed germination is the result of interplay or cross-talk between embryo and embryo-surrounding tissues, we studied the variation of metabolic proteome in both tissues separately. 167 of 697 identified and 69 of 471 identified proteins increase or decrease in abundance significantly in response to priming and/or salinity compared to untreated, unstressed control in embryo and embryo-surrounding tissues, respectively. In untreated wheat embryo salt stress was accompanied by change in 129 proteins, most of which are belonging to metabolism, energy, disease/defense, protein destination and storage categories. Ascorbate pretreatment prevents and counteracts the effects of salinity upon most of these proteins and changes specifically the abundance of 35 others proteins, most of which are involved in metabolism, protein destination and storage categories. Hierarchical clustering analysis revealed three and two major clusters of protein expression in embryo and embryosurrounding tissues, respectively. This study opens promising new avenues to understand priming-induced salt tolerance in plants. Biological significance To clearly understand how ascorbate-priming enhance the salt tolerance of durum wheat during germination, we performed for the first time a comparative shotgun proteomic analysis between unprimed and ascorbate-primed wheat seeds during germination under saline and non-saline conditions. Furthermore, since seed germination is the result of
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    differential response of durum wheat genotypes to salinity A. Fercha1*, H. Gherroucha2
    (Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality, 2013) Azzedine Fercha
    Summary This study aims to investigate the importance of accumulation of osmoprotectants and activities of some key antioxidant enzymes in genotypic variation (GV) observed among durum wheat genotypes in response to increasing NaCl salinity (0-200 mmol/L) at seedling stage. Germination and seedling growth traits of all the genotypes were significantly decreased by salinity. Mohamed Ben Bachir, the more salt-tolerant genotype, exhibited the lowest reduction in final germination percentage (FGP, <18%) and seedling growth (<60%, based on dry biomass), the lowest increase in proline (PRO) and water soluble carbohydrates contents but the highest increase in catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities. Correlation and principal components analysis revealed that the most important variables distinguishing salt tolerant vs. salt non-tolerant genotypes were root to shoot ratio (R/S, 36.1%), CAT (30.6%), APX (12.5%) and FGP (5.74%). Although PRO and WSC could play a key role in salt tolerance by mediating osmotic adjustment, these compounds do not seem to be significantly involved in genotypic variation (GV) for salinity tolerance in durum wheat.
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    Gel-free proteomics reveal potential biomarkers of priming-induced salt tolerance in durum wheat
    (elsevier, 2013-08-12) Azzedine Fercha
    Seed priming has been successfully demonstrated to be an efficient method to improve crop productivity under stressful conditions. As a first step toward better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the priming-induced salt stress tolerance in durum wheat, and to overcomethe limitations of the gel-based approach, a comparative gel-free proteomic analysis was conducted with durum wheat seed samples of varying vigor as generated by hydro- and ascorbate-priming treatments. Results indicate that hydro-priming was accompanied by significant changes of 72 proteins,most ofwhich are involved in proteolysis, protein synthesis, metabolismand disease/defense response. Ascorbate-primingwas, however, accompanied by significant changes of 83 proteins, which are mainly involved in protein metabolism, antioxidant protection, repair processes and, interestingly, inmethionine-relatedmetabolism. The present study provides new information for understanding how ‘priming-memory’ invokes seed stress tolerance. Biological significance The current work describes the first study in which gel-free shotgun proteomics were used to investigate the metabolic seed protein fraction in durum wheat. A combined approach of protein fractionation, hydrogel nanoparticle enrichment technique, and gel-free shotgun proteomic analysis allowed us to identify over 380 proteins exhibiting greater molecular weight diversity (ranging from7 to 258 kDa). Accordingly, we propose that this approach could be useful to acquire a wider perspective and a better understanding of the seed proteome. In the present work, we employed this method to investigate the potential biomarkers of priming-induced salt tolerance in durum wheat. In this way, we identified several previously unrecognized proteins which were never been reported before, particularly for the ascorbate-priming treatment. These findings could provide new avenues for improving crop productivity, particularly under unfavorable environmental conditions.
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    IMPROVEMENT OF SALT TOLERANCE IN DURUM WHEAT BY ASCORBIC ACID APPLICATION
    (Journal of Stress Physiology & Biochemistry, 2011-01-07) Azzedine Fercha
    The main objective of this study is to examine whether exogenously applied Ascorbic acid (AsA) may enhance the salt tolerance in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf. var. Waha). Two weeks old seedling, grown in plastic pots of 1kg, were subjected to salt stress by adding 25ml of NaCl (150mm), and treated or not with the addition of ascorbic acid (0.7 mM). Two weeks after salt stress, plants were harvested and the various measures were recorded. The effects of salt stress, in the presence and absence of vitamin C, on the leaf growth, leaf area (LA) and some physiological and biochemical changes were investigated. It was established that the application of vitamin C mitigate to variable extent the adverse effect of salt stress on plant growth, may be due, in part, to increased leaf area, improved chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, enhanced proline accumulation and decreased H2O2 content. In conclusion, we can say that treatment with ascorbic acid improve salt tolerance in durum wheat through the enhancement of multiple processes.
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    Shotgun proteomic analysis of soybean embryonic axes during germination under salt stress
    (Proteomics, 2016-03-08) Azzedine Fercha
    Seed imbibition and radicle emergence are generally less affected by salinity in soybean than in other crop plants. In order to unveil the mechanisms underlying this remarkable salt tolerance of soybean at seed germination, a comparative label-free shotgun proteomic analysis of embryonic axes exposed to salinity during germination sensu stricto (GSS) was conducted. The results revealed that the application of 100 and 200 mmol/L NaCl stress was accompanied by significant changes (>2-fold, P<0.05) of 97 and 75 proteins, respectively. Most of these salt-responsive proteins (70%) were classified into three major functional categories: disease/defense response, protein destination and storage and primarymetabolism. The involvement of these proteins in salt tolerance of soybean was discussed, and some of them were suggested to be potential salttolerant proteins. Furthermore, our results suggest that the cross-protection against aldehydes, oxidative as well as osmotic stress, is the major adaptive response to salinity in soybean.
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    To study ways to add a phosphorus on vegetative growth of wheat plants growing under conditions of Algeria
    (AGRICULTURE AND BIOLOGY JOURNAL OF NORTH AMERICA, 2013) Azzedine Fercha
    ABSTRACT Then a field experiment in two consecutive seasons on a farm in the Division lead to study the effectiveness of the added phosphorus spraying on the leaves and compare them added to the ground on the vegetative growth of wheat plants under conditions of Algeria, where you use three factors for phosphorus P0 - Ps - Pr (without adding phosphorus - affixed to the ground - added spray), respectively. and massage at 50 parts / million P2O5 on the image of super phosphate, and then added in two 3 / 2 amount by the Agriculture mixing with the soil and 3 / 1 the remainder after 15 days of agriculture, was also used phosphorus spraying on the leaves concentration of 1% of the sodium phosphate mono NaHPO4 three periods after 30 - 35 - 40 days of agriculture, and selected two types of soil differ in physical and chemical characteristics, results showed the following: Increased the dry weight of shoot significantly by adding phosphorus to any of the methods for the treatment of comparison, regardless of the type of soil The addition of phosphorus in any of the methods to increase the number of leaves and the back in both two soil in the two phases of growth. The addition of phosphorus to the ground to the significant increase in total dry weight of roots and surpassed the values of dry weight of both shoots and roots in the soil of the first region than those in the soil of Talha. - The mutual influence between the two variables is statistically significantIncreased the total content of phosphorus in shoot dry any of the methods although the added Ground surpassed Added spraying on the leaves, but the same trend was observed for the dry weight of roots.